The Effect of Velocity of Nodes on the Performance of Various Routing Protocols in MANET

A MANET ―mobile ad hoc network ‖ is an autonomous system of mobile routers and associated hosts connected by wireless links- the union of which form an arbitrary graph. The routers are free to move randomly and organize themselves arbitrarily; thus, the network‘s wireless topology may change rapidly and unpredictably. Such a network may operate in a stand-alone fashion, or may be connected to the larger Internet. The range for any transmission through wireless network interfaces is limited so multiple "hops " may be needed to exchange data across the network. Consequently, many routing algorithms have come into existence to satisfy the needs of communications in such networks. Speed of nodes affects the relative performance of routing protocols being studied. Protocols were simulated using the ns-2 and were compared in terms of packet delivery fraction(PDF), normalized routing load(NRL) and average delay(E-E delay), while varying number of nodes, and speed. After making comparison using X-graph, it would become possible to analyze the properties of three protocols so that a new protocol can be designed in future that will have maximum PDF, minimum E-E delay and Minimum NRL in each scenario