Effect of prolonged feeding with chenodeoxycholic acid on bile in patients with and without gallstones

SUMMARY Nineteen patients who received chenodeoxycholic acid 750 mg/day for six months had duodenal bile aspirated before and after treatment. In five patients with hypertriglyceridaemia but no gallstones cholesterol saturation was reversed in every case, the mean cholesterol saturation index (SI ± standard deviation) changing from 1 38 ± 0-31 to 0-68 ± 0-06 (P < 0.005). In 14 patients with gallstones there was also an improvement in bile cholesterol content, but this was not sufficient to produce mean unsaturation, saturation index changing from 155 ± 0-52 to 113 ± 0 43 (P < 0 05). Only seven of 14 patients with gallstone achieved cholesterol unsaturation. In four patients with hypertriglyceridaemia and gallstones, mean unsaturation was produced and the satura-tion index changed from 1 70 0 45 to 0-86 ± 0 47 (P < 0 05). When all nine patients with hyper-triglyceridaemia were grouped, the mean saturation index fell from 1 52 ± 0 40 to 0-76 ± 0 30 after therapy (P < 0-001). In contrast the 10 patients without hypertriglyceridaemia showed no significant fall in saturation index which was 150 ± 0 54 before and 1 24 ± 0 40 after therapy. The ability of chenodeoxycholic acid feeding to improve bile saturation with cholesterol correlated with the pre-sence of hypertriglyceridaemia whether or not gallstones were present. It did not correlate with gall-stone dissolution or body weight. It is known that bile from most patients with gall-stones is characterised by an excessive amount o