methyl bromide fumigation

Forest nurseries in the western United States have relied for decades on methyl bromide to control soilborne pests. Numerous studies have investigated alternative fumigants, alternative ap-plication methods and nonfumigant approaches for their ability to reduce soilborne pest populations and produce quality, disease-free seedlings. We review the recent studies and identify where research is needed to assist the industry’s transition away from methyl bromide. For the immediate, foresee-able future, an integrated approach combining nonfumigant and fumigan