Energy Conservation in Process Heaters

Energy savings in refinery and petrochemical fired heaters can basically be achieved in two ways: Thru optimization on energy use which can be done with small or no investments, or with extensive energy recovery systems. Various alternatives for the first case are given while the second concept is examined in more detail. Upgrading of heater efficiency should primarily aim at transferring as much energy as feasible to the actual process. When this is not possible the secondary target should be energy recycling in the combustion process by air preheating systems. The third possibility to re-use waste energy is recovery by utility systems like waste heat boilers. This paper gives an overview of different approaches to energy conservation in process heaters. It also includes the concepts, design considerations, apparatus, profitability aspects and actual operating experience