Laser spectroscopy of muonic deuterium
- Pohl, R.
- Nez, F.
- Giesen, A.
- Gouvea, A. L.
- Graf, T.
- Hansch, T. W.
- Indelicato, P.
- Julien, L.
- Knowles, P.
- Kottmann, F.
- Le Bigot, E.-O.
- Liu, Y.-W.
- Fernandes, L. M. P.
- Lopes, J. A. M.
- Ludhova, L.
- Monteiro, C. M. B.
- Mulhauser, F.
- Nebel, T.
- Rabinowitz, P.
- dos Santos, J. M. F.
- Schaller, L. A.
- Schuhmann, K.
- Schwob, C.
- Amaro, F. D.
- Taqqu, D.
- Veloso, J. F. C. A.
- Antognini, A.
- Biraben, F.
- Cardoso, J. M. R.
- Covita, D. S.
- Dax, A.
- Dhawan, S.
- Diepold, M.
DOIAbstract
The deuteron is the simplest compound nucleus, composed of one proton and one neutron. Deuteron properties such as the root-mean-square charge radius rd and the polarizability serve as important benchmarks for understanding the nuclear forces and structure. Muonic deuterium μd is the exotic atom formed by a deuteron and a negative muon μ–. We measured three 2S-2P transitions in μd and obtain rd = Embedded Image fm, which is 2.7 times more accurate but 7.5σ smaller than the CODATA-2010 value rd = Embedded Image fm. The μd value is also 3.5σ smaller than the rd value from electronic deuterium spectroscopy. The smaller rd, when combined with the electronic isotope shift, yields a “small” proton radius rp, similar to the one from muonic hydroge...
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