Study of diversity of weed communities on the selected farm in Central Elbe Region

The diploma thesis examines the species diversity of weed communities in selected farm in the middle Elbe. Evaluation of the site is ranked in the sugar beet growing region. Specifically, it was evaluated weed plots Agromaso Ltd. in the immediate vicinity of the town Brandys nad Labem-Stara Boleslav at an altitude of 169 m n. m. Rated the weed in conventional crop farming in winter wheat and oilseed rape. Data collection was conducted in early March this year, before the spring herbicide treatment. Application of herbicides in cultures were performed in the fall. On each plot were evaluated with 5 random plots with an area of 1 m2 per headlands and 5 plots of the same area in the center stands. The values obtained were sorted into tables and graphs. Multivariate analyzes were investigated differences in species composition in the center stand and on headlands. Furthermore, differences in species composition of weed communities of cereals and oilseeds. These analyzes confirmed the following hypothesis: Hypothesis 1: weed species diversity at the edges and inside the land varies. This hypothesis was confirmed by multivariate analyzes. Diversity on the edges of the land was higher than in the centers stands. On the edges of the land occurred more weeds than in centers of growth. The center crop of winter wheat were the only two species of weeds, while the edge 8 kinds of weeds. On land with oilseed rape situation was similar, margins land accounted for nine weed species and hunting center, only 7 weeds. This fact is confirmed by the Shannon - Wiener index of diversity. Hypothesis 2: There are differences in species composition of weed communities of cereals and oilseeds (due to diversion from the original methodology was modified hypothesis). The research confirmed the hypothesis 2, multivariate analysis demonstrated that the species composition of grain and oilseeds differ. Effect of composition on the crop species spectrum was found to be statistically significant. Types Elytrigia repens, Apera spica venti, Stellaria media were found only in the growth of winter wheat. The crop of winter oilseed rape occurred entirely different kinds of weeds, for example. Sinapis arvensis, Galium aparine, Euphorbia helioscopia, Erodium cicutarium