Androgenesis and its using for interspecific hybridisation of potato

The production of homozygous lines has been an important part of breeding programs. The most effective and widely used method suitable for the production of homozygous plants is induced androgenesis via anther, pollen and isolated microspore cultures. The principle of androgenic induction consists in reprogramming microspores from gametophytic to sporophytic development. Physical or chemical factors can be used on the whole inflorescence, flower-buds or isolated anthers for reprograming. The genotype of donor plant and poolen developmental stage plays a fundamental role in determination of androgenesis in vitro. Pre-treatments such as chilling, high temperature, high humidity, centrifugation, water stress, oxidative stress, osmotic pressure change in the level of endogenous growth substances, transfer anthers from anaerobic to aerobic environment, starvation, colchicine application and, heavy metals treatment are other important factors that affect the response of anthers to in vitro culture. The aim of this work was to design and confirm the methodology used for induced androgenesis of potatoes. The achieved results of our experiment showing only trends and hypotheses. The size of the most suitable flower-buds for anther culture is 2-3 mm. It is highly likely that the sucrose concentration in MS medium had no impact on the callus induction. The genotype of tested hybrids probably plays a major role in the induced androgenesis process. The influence of the media on the formation of callus was statistically proven. Calluses were transferred to regeneration medium, but organogenesis has not yet come through. The results show that the proposed methodology is appropriate to derive calluses at least