Nootropics

This bachelor thesis deals with the group of substances called nootropics, otherwise known as smart drugs. Nootropics are composed of a diverse group of medicinal substances, which, with their effect, enhance the abilities of human thinking, learning and memorising, especially in cases where these functions are in disorder. In essence and a certain sence, nootropics affect the metabolism of neuronal cells of the CNS. These smart drugs intensify the supply of glucose and oxygen into the brain, increase the synthesis of proteins and nucleic acids in neurons, and enhance the metabolism of phospholipids in neurohormonal membranes. Generally, the desired effect, however, arrives after a longer period of use. In addition, this work describes the indication of these substances, possible treatments, and their use. Nootropics are divided into four groups: classic nootropic substances, substances increasing brain metabolism, cholinergics and plants with nootropic effect. For each of these groups, the best known members are described more in detail. For the last mentioned group, namely the group of plants with nootropic effect, their collection and processing of herbal drugs is described. Furthermore, the thesis focuses on suitable methods of assessment, mainly the so-called high-performance liquid chromatography technique, known under the abbreviation HPLC. Also mentioned are the legislative measures regarding these substances, such as Act No. 378/2007 Coll. on pharmaceuticals and amendments to some related laws, Decree No. 63/2007 Coll. on payments of pharmaceuticals and foods for special medical purposes, Decree No. 385/2007 Coll. on the establishment of the list of medical substances intended for supporting or additional treatment, and Decree No. 225/2008 Coll. which establishes the requirements for food supplements and food enrichment