Innovation process and innovativeness of facility management organizations

Purpose - The innovation patterns and processes in facility management (FM) organizations are crucial for the development of FM as a discipline, but they are not yet fully explored and understood. This paper aims to clarify FM innovation from the perspective of innovation processes and the innovativeness of FM organizations. Design/methodology/approach - It explores the innovation patterns in FM organizations by applying the innovation management concepts to FM practices. A sample of four FM organizations is analyzed by means of a comparative case study approach. Based on their innovative performance, the sample of FM organizations are divided into two groups - a group of high-performers and a group of low-performers. The major similarities and differences in managing the innovation process between these two groups are described. Findings - Based on this study it is concluded that FM organizations innovate only mildly. The innovation in FM industry is incremental due to the day-to-day nature of decision-making in FM projects and fast changing demands and needs of the client organizations. Research limitations/implications - Further research should concentrate on a specific type of innovation projects, where the points of interest would be the routines followed, activities performed and the tools used by the FM teams when carrying out the innovation projects. Originality/value - This paper provides a different perspective on studying the innovation patterns in FM industr