Theoretical considerations on the geopolitics of energy transitions

Energy transitions can have large geopolitical consequences and, vice versa, geopolitics influence transitions. In the current literature on the transition to a hydrogen economy, it has only little attention. This chapter will describe an analytical framework that can be used to describe the evolution of energy systems in the context of geopolitics. Our analytical framework uses economic geography, political geography and political economy as building blocks linked by the institutional economic approach. The purpose is to find patterns in habits and institutions that explain the geopolitical process accompanied by energy transitions. This will help understanding future energy transitions and in their geopolitical context