Concentration of liquid foods in a pilot-scale falling film evaporator

This report contains the experimental work and results obtained in the evaporation of water, apple and grape juices, and soymilk. The emphasis is on the physical and engineering aspects of evapor- ation; i.e., evaporation rates, fluid flow, heat transfer, and scale formation. The chemical and quality changes are not covered in this report, and it is recognized that further work on specific products is needed in this direction. The pilot-scale evaporator can be considered as an experimental chemical reactor, in which time and temperature may influence the rates of various chemical reac tions