Phylogenomics resolves the timing and pattern of insect evolution
- Misof, B.
- Liu, S.
- Niehuis, O.
- Zhou, X.
- Petersen, M.
- Izquierdo-Carrasco, F.
- Wappler, T.
- Rust, J.
- Aberer, A. J.
- Aspock, U.
- Aspock, H.
- Bartel, D.
- Blanke, A.
- Meusemann, K.
- Berger, S.
- Bohm, A.
- Buckley, T. R.
- Calcott, B.
- Chen, J.
- Friedrich, F.
- Fukui, M.
- Fujita, M.
- Greve, C.
- Grobe, P.
- Peters, R. S.
- Gu, S.
- Huang, Y.
- Jermiin, L. S.
- Kawahara, A. Y.
- Krogmann, L.
- Kubiak, M.
- Lanfear, R.
- Letsch, H.
- Li, Y.
- Li, Z.
- Donath, A.
- Li, J.
- Lu, H.
- Machida, R.
- Mashimo, Y.
- Kapli, P.
- McKenna, D. D.
- Meng, G.
- Nakagaki, Y.
- Navarrete-Heredia, J. L.
- Ott, M.
- Mayer, C.
- Ou, Y.
- Pass, G.
- Podsiadlowski, L.
- Pohl, H.
- von Reumont, B. M.
- Schutte, K.
- Sekiya, K.
- Shimizu, S.
- Slipinski, A.
- Stamatakis, A.
- Frandsen, P. B.
- Song, W.
- Su, X.
- Szucsich, N. U.
- Tan, M.
- Tan, X.
- Tang, M.
- Tang, J.
- Timelthaler, G.
- Tomizuka, S.
- Trautwein, M.
- Ware, J.
- Tong, X.
- Uchifune, T.
- Walzl, M. G.
- Wiegmann, B. M.
- Wilbrandt, J.
- Wipfler, B.
- Wong, T. K. F.
- Wu, Q.
- Wu, G.
- Xie, Y.
- Flouri, T.
- Yang, S.
- Yang, Q.
- Yeates, D. K.
- Yoshizawa, K.
- Zhang, Q.
- Zhang, R.
- Zhang, W.
- Zhang, Y.
- Zhao, J.
- Zhou, C.
- Beutel, R. G.
- Zhou, L.
- Ziesmann, T.
- Zou, S.
- Li, Y.
- Xu, X.
- Zhang, Y.
- Yang, H.
- Wang, J.
- Wang, J.
- Kjer, K. M.
DOIAbstract
Insects are the most speciose group of animals, but the phylogenetic relationships of many major lineages remain unresolved. We inferred the phylogeny of insects from 1478 protein-coding genes. Phylogenomic analyses of nucleotide and amino acid sequences, with site-specific nucleotide or domain-specific amino acid substitution models, produced statistically robust and congruent results resolving previously controversial phylogenetic relations hips. We dated the origin of insects to the Early Ordovician [~479 million years ago (Ma)], of insect flight to the Early Devonian (~406 Ma), of major extant lineages to the Mississippian (~345 Ma), and the major diversification of holometabolous insects to the Early Cretaceous. Our phylogenomic study ...
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