Identifying gaps for research prioritisation: global burden of external causes of injury as reflected in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

Importance: Burden of disease should impact research prioritisation. Objective: To analyse the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (CDSR) and determine whether systematic reviews and protocols accurately represent disease burden, as measured by disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2010 Study. Methods: Two investigators collected GBD disability metrics for 12 external causes of injury in the GBD 2010 Study. These external causes were then assessed for systematic review and protocol representation in CDSR. Data was collected during the month of April 2015. There were no study participants aside from the researchers. Percentage of total 2010 DALYs, 2010 DALY rank, and median DALY percent change from 1990 to 2010 of the 12 external causes of injury were compared with CDSR representation of systematic reviews and protocols. Data were analysed for correlation using Spearman rank correlation. Results: Eleven of the 12 causes were represented by at least one systematic review or protocol in CDSR; the category <i>collective violence and legal intervention</i> had no representation in CDSR. Correlation testing revealed a strong positive correlation that was statistically significant. Representation of <i>road injury; interpersonal violence; fire, heat, and hot substances; mechanical forces; poisonings, adverse effect of medical treatment,</i> and <i>animal contact</i> was well aligned with respect to DALY. Representation of <i>falls</i> was greater compared to DALY, while <i>self-harm, exposure to forces of nature,</i> and <i>other transport injury</i> representation was lower compared to DALY. Conclusions and Relevance: CDSR representation of external causes of injury strongly correlates with disease burden. The number of systematic reviews and protocols was well aligned for seven out of 12 causes of injury. These results provide high-quality and transparent data that may guide future prioritisation decisions