Spät- und nacheiszeitliche Floren- und Vegetationsgeschichte der Region Feldkirch–St. Galler Rheintal am Beispiel des Pollenprofils von Mariagrün (544 m ü.M., Vorarlberg, Österreich)

The peat bog Mariagrün (544 m a.s.l.) is situated within a kettle hole south of Feldkirch (Vorarlberg, Austria) where the former confluence of the Würmian Rhine and Ill glacier was located. The peat bog area is surrounded by Ill glacier moraines and kame terraces. A 690 cm long peat core provided the following stages of local and regional vegetation history since the Late Würmian: (1) Oldest Dryas (ca. 20 000–15 690 cal BP): Artemisia-Ephedra-juniper-willow-grass steppe and tundra; (2) Bölling (ca. 15 690–14 120 cal BP): Birch-pine park tundra; (3) Alleröd (ca. 14 120–13 050 cal BP): Pine reforestation, immigration of Swiss stone pine (Pinus cembra); (4) Younger Dryas (ca. 13 050–11 600 cal BP): Forest recession and steppe revival; (5) Preboreal (ca. 11 600–10 240 cal BP): Immigration and spread of thermophilous deciduous elm-lime forest; (6) Boreal (ca. 10 240–8955 cal BP): Long-lasting elm-lime-maple forest with hazel dominance and local alder riparian forest; (7) Older Atlantic (ca. 8955–6850 cal BP): Spread of mixed oak forest and hazel recession; (8) Younger Atlantic (ca. 6850–5780 cal BP): Immigration and spread of silver fir and Norway spruce at ca. 6300 cal BP; (9) Subboreal (ca. 5780–3100 cal BP): Expansion of silver fir forest and oak recession, first finds of cereal-type pollen; (10) Older Subatlantic (ca. 3100–980 cal BP): Recession of silver fir, Norway spruce and pine (forest clearings), spread of beech and alder riparian forest, anthropogenic pollen (cereals, chestnut, ruderal plants); (11) Younger Subatlantic (since ca. 980 cal BP): Rise of indicators of meadow, pasture and ruderal plants; re-expansion of oak, beech and pine; Norway spruce plantations. An overview to the Holocene immigration of silver fir, Norway spruce and beech is given