Vitamin D and pancreatic cancer: A pooled analysis from the Pancreatic Cancer Case-Control Consortium

Free to read on publisher website Background The potential role of vitamin D in the aetiology of pancreatic cancer is unclear, with recent studies suggesting both positive and negative associations. Patients and methods We used data from nine case–control studies from the International Pancreatic Cancer Case–Control Consortium (PanC4) to examine associations between pancreatic cancer risk and dietary vitamin D intake. Study-specific odds ratios (ORs) were estimated using multivariable logistic regression, and ORs were then pooled using a random-effects model. From a subset of four studies, we also calculated pooled estimates of association for supplementary and total vitamin D intake. Results Risk of pancreatic cancer increased with dietary intake of vitamin D [per 100 international units (IU)/day: OR = 1.13, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.07–1.19, P = 7.4 × 10−6, P-heterogeneity = 0.52; ≥230 versus