Compression approaches for the regularized solutions of linear systems from large-scale inverse problems

We introduce and compare new compression approaches to obtain regularized solutions of large linear systems which are commonly encountered in large scale inverse problems. We first describe how to approximate matrix vector operations with a large matrix through a sparser matrix with fewer nonzero elements, by borrowing from ideas used in wavelet image compression. Next, we describe and compare approaches based on the use of the low rank singular value decomposition (SVD), which can result in further size reductions. We describe how to obtain the approximate low rank SVD of the original matrix using the sparser wavelet compressed matrix. Some analytical results concerning the various methods are presented and the results of the proposed techniques are illustrated using both synthetic data and a very large linear system from a seismic tomography application, where we obtain significant compression gains with our methods, while still resolving the main features of the solutions.European Research Council (Advanced Grant 226837)United States. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (Contract N66001-13-1-4050)National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Contracts 1320652 and 0748488