From Nano to Macro: Multiscale Materials for Improved Stem Cell Culturing and Analysis

Stem cells respond to nanoscale, microscale, and macroscale cues, such as matrix, growth factors, and niche organization, which are difficult to physiologically recapitulate in culture. We discuss how utilizing bioengineering approaches to manipulate and integrate spatiotemporal cues across these discrete length scales can improve traditional methods for controlling cell fate