Deux Décennies De Recherche en Neuroscience :Avancées et Perspectives

Decoding brain functions and resolution and treatment of neuro-psychiatric disorders, that are by far the widest range of human pathologies, are driving research in Neuroscience. Over the last two decades, advances in this field have been considerable. They were the result, among other reasons, of major technological advances and of a multidisciplinary integration more closely. To address the challenge of synthesizing what are the most spectacular progresses in Neuroscience, we have deliberately chosen three specific areas and examples. They are the molecular and cellular mechanisms of brain plasticity, the neurobiology of neural stem cells, embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells and their applications, and the study of cognitive functions by using neuroimaging. We conclude with a note on optogenetics, stated as the "Method of the Year 2010" by the journal Nature.SCOPUS: ar.j