Role of nitric oxide in cardiovascular alterations

The overproduction of nitric oxide (NO) during sepsis and septic shock is a key factor in the cardiovascular alterations associated with these conditions. The underlying mechanisms of NO overproduction probably implicate increased activity of the constitutive and inducible isoform of the NO synthase enzyme located in the myocardium and the vascular wall. However, the effects of NO can be desirable, as this endogenous vasodilator helps to maintain blood flow, or detrimental as it can lower peripheral perfusion pressure or induce cellular tissue damage. Therefore, whether manipulating the NO pathway is appropriate in clinical sepsis cannot be presently established, but the answer can be hoped from a better knowledge of the role of NO in each vascular bed, and the use of selective isoform NO synthase inhibitors.SCOPUS: re.j