Die Bilderpredigten von Daniel Hopfer und die Rolle der Graphik in der Verbreitung der evangelischen Lehre

Lo studio si concentra su alcune acqueforti dell'artista di Augusta Daniel Hopfer (1471-1536) di soggetto religioso, che illustrano preghiere, proverbi, parabole e altri passi del Vangelo in forma narrativa e che risultano chiaramente influenzate dalle idee riformate. Dopo un approfondimento del contesto storico e culturale e delle opinioni dei maggiori riformatori in merito alla questione delle immagini, le originali opere di Hopfer sono state messe a confronto con gli scritti omiletici e catechetici dei riformatori del tempo, in particolar modo quelli attivi ad Augusta, per rintracciarne i presupposti teologici. Le stampe di Hopfer sono state anche confrontate con le testimonianze figurative precedenti, se presenti, e con i manifesti di satira religiosa di artisti contemporanei, per mettere in luce il rapporto con la tradizione, ma soprattutto il carattere di novità di queste rappresentazioni. Esse contengono spesso messaggi di denuncia dell'ipocrisia religiosa e degli abusi del clero, legittimati dalle citazioni bibliche, che rafforzano il legame testo-immagine e permettono di leggere le stampe-manifesto di Hopfer come prediche figurate.The researches have primarily focused on deepening the historical and cultural environment of the Reformation, especially on the positions of the most important exponents and theologians to the question of the images, the representability of God and the various functions of art at the beginning of the Reformation period. The core pieces of research are some broadsheets by the Augsburg artist Daniel Hopfer (1471-1536), which represent paragraphs of the Bible in a narrative form and are strictly connected to the theological issues of the modernity. In the collections of the Bavarian State Library of Munich, the Herzog August Library in Wolfenbüttel and the Forschungsbibliothek Gotha-Erfurt University I have analyzed the graphic work Hopfer’s in conjunction with the Augsburg Reformation and sermons, treatises and catechetical writings of reformers of the first decades of the XVI century. Moreover the etchings of Hopfer were compared with broadsheets od contemporary artists, who deals with similar subjects. The leitmotifs of the pictures are the juxtaposition between the teachings of Christ and the law of the Pharisees, through which Hopfer refer to the hypocrisy and abuses of the catholic clergy. Moreover, Hopfer added to the illustrated scenes the pieces of the Holy Scripture that justify these theological terms. In this way he uses the same rhetorical principle of the Reformers: a paratactic arrangement of the biblical source, often without other explanation. My argumentation consider this particularly work by Hopfer a pictorial sermon. On one hand, it embodies the spiritual needs of a spontaneous and authentic relationship with the Gospel, on the other hand, especially in the printing of the 30s, it expresses a strong message of social controversy.Das Forschungsprojekt konzentriert sich auf die Einblattdrucke von Daniel Hopfer (1471-1536), die Gebete, Gleichnisse, Salomonische Sprüche und Absätze des Neuen Testaments in szenischer Form darstellen. In seinen graphischen Werken stellt der Augsburger Radierer Hopfer Zusammenhänge zu den theologischen Fragen der Gegenwart her. In meiner Dissertation werden Predigten, Traktate und katechetische Schriften der Reformationszeit, die sich auf das Oeuvre Hopfers auswirken, untersucht. Gleichzeitig werden die Radierungen Hopfers mit anderen ikonographischen Vorbildern der Reformationszeit, wie Titelblättern, Buchillustrationen und Flugblättern, in Verbindung gesetzt. Die textuellen und bildlichen Quellen der Werke Hopfers wurden vor allem in München, bei der Bayerische Staatsbibliothek und dem Zentralinstitut für Kunstgeschichte, in Wolfenbüttel, bei der Herzog August Bibliothek und in Gotha, bei der Forschungsbibliothek, geforscht