Bioaccessibility of metals in alloys: Evaluation of three surrogate biofluids

This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Elsevier and can be found at: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/environmental-pollution/.\ud \ud The author has paid for open access of this Elsevier article.Bioaccessibility in vitro tests measure the solubility of materials in surrogate biofluids. However, the lack\ud of uniform methods and the effects of variable test parameters on material solubility limit interpretation.\ud One aim of this study was to measure and compare bioaccessibility of selected economically important\ud alloys and metals in surrogate physiologically based biofluids representing oral, inhalation and dermal\ud exposures. A second aim was to experimentally test different biofluid formulations and residence times\ud in vitro. A third aim was evaluation of dissolution behavior of alloys with in vitro lung and dermal biofluid\ud surrogates. This study evaluated the bioaccessibility of sixteen elements in six alloys and 3 elemental/\ud metal powders. We found that the alloys/metals, the chemical properties of the surrogate fluid, and\ud residence time all had major impacts on metal solubility. The large variability of bioaccessibility indicates\ud the relevancy of assessing alloys as toxicologically distinct relative to individual metals