Comparison of Different Modulators that Affect Macrophage Activation In Vitro

Inflammation is known as a mechanism to regulate and control infections as well as promote tissue repair. Macrophages (Mф) are known to be a major cell type in the initiation, sustainability and resolution of inflammation. Moreover, Mф are essential for the remodeling process that is also known as the wound healing response. The objective of this research was to compare five modulators (acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), dexamethasone (DEX), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), iloprost, and resolvin D1 (RvD1) for their anti-inflammatory effects on macrophages in vitro. Then, Mф phenotype in terms of gene expression and secreted cytokine response was determined. Our study compared NR8383 cells induced with LPS versus a modulator. Using ELISA measurements of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) performed. Gene expression analysis for the following transcripts: arginase -2 (ARG-2), nitric oxide synthesis type II (iNOS-2), macrophage - associated antigen (CD163) is known to be expressed by M2c phenotype and mannose receptor C type 1 (CD206) is known to be expressed by the cells of the M2 phenotype. In conclusion, each modulator has shown to present an anti-inflammatory response and acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), dexamethasone (DEX) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) did express CD163. Future work, further analysis will be necessary any functional of these in in vivo