QUALITY OF LIFE AND SUICIDAL BEHAVIOUR AMONG PEOPLE WITH PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS

Za posameznikovo učinkovito delovanje je potrebna prisotnost tako telesnega kakor tudi duševnega zdravja. V kolikor pa so duševne funkcije tako prizadete, da oseba celo izgubi stik z realnostjo, govorimo o psihotičnih motnjah, med katerimi kot najbolj uničujoča izstopa shizofrenija. Psihoza prizadene celotno osebnost in se zrcali v bolnikovi kvaliteti življenja. Ta je lahko okrnjena do te mere, da pripelje celo do samomorilnega vedenja. Namen magistrskega dela je bil na avtentičnem vzorcu posameznikov s psihotičnimi motnjami preučiti povezavo med kvaliteto življenja in samomorilnim vedenjem. Zanimalo nas je ali prihaja do razlik v subjektivni kvaliteti življenja glede na pretekli poskus samomora. Nadalje je bil naš cilj raziskati kateri so tisti dejavniki tveganja, ki pomembno napovedujejo kvaliteto življenja in razvoj samomorilnih teženj. Odkrivanje teh prispeva k identifikaciji rizičnih posameznikov in izboljšanju kvalitete življenja. Raziskava je bila izvedena na specifični klinični populaciji kroničnih in stabilnih bolnikov z diagnosticirano psihotično motnjo, katero MKB-10 uvršča v sklop "Shizofrenija, shizotipske in blodnjave motnje" (F20–F29). Raziskovalni vzorec je zajemal 47 udeležencev, in sicer 25 moških in 22 žensk, starih od 19 do 65 let, ki se ambulantno zdravijo na Oddelku za psihiatrijo UKC Maribor. Podatki so bili pridobljeni z individualnim apliciranjem testne baterije, katere začetni del zajema demografske, klinične in psihosocialne podatke, drugi del pa vprašalnike WHOQOL-BREF, PSS, DASS-21 in INQ-15. Pri ugotavljanju razlik glede na pretekli poskus samomora smo prišli do presenetljivih rezultatov, saj se ti niso statistično pomembno razlikovali na nobeni izmed dimenzij kvalitete življenja. Pri preverjanju napovedne moči dejavnikov tveganja so rezultati razkrili, da depresija, poleg dimenzije občutka odtujenosti v medosebnih odnosih, pojasni statistično pomemben delež variance kvalitete življenja. V nasprotju z našimi pričakovanji pa nobeden izmed merjenih dejavnikov tveganja ni statistično pomembno napovedoval samomorilnih teženj pri tej zaskrbljujoči populaciji.The effective functioning of an individual requires the presence of both physical and mental health. If the mental functions are so damaged that a person loses touch with reality, we are talking about psychotic disorders, among which schizophrenia stands out as the most destructive one. Psychosis affects the whole personality and is reflected in the patient\u27s quality of life. The latter may be degraded to such an extent that it can even lead to suicidal behaviour. The purpose of this master\u27s thesis was to study the link between the quality of life and suicidal behaviour on an authentic sample of individuals with psychotic disorders. We wanted to know whether there are differences in the subjective quality of life in comparison with the past suicide attempt. Furthermore, our aim was to investigate which risk factors significantly predict the quality of life and the development of suicidal tendencies. Their detection contributes to the identification of high-risk individuals and the improvement of their quality of life. The study was conducted in a specific clinical population of chronic and stable patients with a diagnosed psychotic disorder, which falls within the scope of "Schizophrenia, schizotypal and delusional disorders" (F20–F29) according to the ICD-10. The research sample consisted of 47 participants, namely 25 men and 22 women, aged between 19 and 65 years, who are being clinically treated at the Department of Psychiatry of the University Medical Centre Maribor. The data was obtained by individual application of the test battery, which includes demographic, clinical and psychosocial information in the first part, and the questionnaires WHOQOL- BREF, PSS, DASS-21 and INQ-15 in the second part. When determining the differences since the past suicide attempt, we came to some surprising results, as they were not statistically significantly different in any dimensions of the quality of life. When checking the predictive power of risk factors, the results revealed that depression, along with the dimension of the sense of alienation in interpersonal relationships, explains a statistically significant proportion of the quality of life variance. Contrary to our expectations, none of the measured risk factors statistically significantly predicted suicidal tendencies in this worrying population