SOME OF THE QUESTIONS OF DEBTOR\u27S LIABILITY IN THE PERSONAL BANKRUPTCY PROCEEDINGS IN SLOVENIA, WITH A COMPARISON OF THE REGULATION IN GERMANY

Osebni stečaj z odpustom obveznosti je institut, ki osebam z zelo slabim premoženjskim stanjem dolžnika, omogoča nov začetek. Ravno zaradi »ugodnosti«, ki jo ponuja postopek osebnega stečaja, so nekateri dolžniki, na podlagi pomanjkljivo urejenega področja, institut sprida zlorabljali. Kljub veliki količini pripomb, v sorodnih pravnih redih temeljito urejenega postopka, opomb in predlogov institucij ter organov, ki se vsakodnevno neposredno ali posredno srečujejo s posledicami instituta osebnega stečaja, zakonodajalec šele z zadnjimi tremi spremembami bistveno omejuje zlorabo instituta in povečuje krog terjatev, na katere sklep o odpustu dolga ne učinkuje. Z zadnjo spremembo je zakonodajalec upošteval mnenje Slovenskega zavarovalnega združenja, ki je zakonodajalca opozorilo, da ZFPPIPP do zadnje spremembe ustrezno ne ločuje primerov, kjer gre za legitimen odpust obveznosti, od primerov, kjer ni utemeljeno, da sodišče ugodi odpust obveznosti. V diplomskem delu je na začetku predstavljen institut osebnega stečaja urejenega v slovenskem pravnem redu, ter podrobneje opredeljena odgovornost za škodo dolžnika v osebnem stečaju nastalo namenoma ali zaradi velike malomarnosti, ki predstavlja noviteto med terjatvami, ki so izvzete iz odpusta obveznosti. V nadaljevanju naloge je predstavljena odškodninska odgovornost dolžnika v postopku osebnega stečaja zaradi zlorabe instituta osebnega stečaja na primeru prikrivanja ali lažnega prikazovanja podatkov o premoženjskem stanju. Natančneje so opredeljene predpostavke odškodninske obveznosti dolžnika vodenega v postopku osebnega stečaja s konkretizacijo na dejansko stanje osebnega stečaja. V zadnjem poglavju je opravljena tudi primerjava ureditve osebnega stečaja v nemškem pravnem redu s poudarkom na iskanju vzporednic glede na novo vključene omejitve v slovenski pravni red. Ob koncu so predstavljene še splošne prednosti slovenske in nemške zakonodaje na področju osebnega stečaja, ter lastna dognanja in predlogi za izboljšavo.Personal bankruptcy with debt discharge is an institute which offers persons with poor economic situation a fresh start. Because of the benefits offered by personal bankruptcy and inadequate legal framework, the institute was often misused. Despite the large amount of remarks, thoroughly regulated personal bankruptcy in related jurisdictions, comments and suggestions of the institutions and bodies who are directly or indirectly confronted with the consequences of the personal bankruptcy on a daily basis, the legislator until the last three changes did not significantly limit the abuse of the institution and extended the list of claims which are exempt from debt discharge. With the latest amendment, the legislator followed the advice of the Slovenian Insurance Association, which pointed out that ZFPPIPP did not distinguish between the cases where debt discharge is legitimate from the cases where debt discharge is not justified. In the beginning of the thesis I am presenting the institute of personal bankruptcy regulated in the Slovenian legal order, from where I am focusing on the presentation of liability for damages caused deliberately or through serious negligence, being also the novelty among the claims which are exempt from the debt discharge. Further on, I present the liability for damages occurring within the process of personal bankruptcy deriving from misuse of personal bankruptcy due to concealment or false wealth information. I thoroughly explained assumptions of debtor’s liability for damages within the process of personal bankruptcy in each state of the proceeding. In the last chapter, I have elaborated the items of liability, and later compared the regulation of personal bankruptcy in the German legal system with a focus on finding parallels regarding the newly included restrictions in the Slovenian legal order. In conclusion, I presented the general advantages between Slovenian and German legislation on personal bankruptcy, along with my personal findings and suggestions for improvement