Causes of illegal trade of hazardous waste

Namen diplomskega dela je bil preučiti problematiko nezakonite trgovine z nevarnimi odpadki kot obliko ekološke kriminalitete, odkriti vzroke in na podlagi ugotovitev predlagati ukrepe za hitrejše in lažje odkrivanje ter preprečevanje te oblike kriminalitete. Z analizo virov in primerov smo ugotovili, da sta glavna vzroka za nezakonito trgovino z nevarnimi odpadki finančno-ekonomske koristi in izogibanje stroškom zakonitega recikliranja nevarnih odpadkov ter da so koristi nezakonite trgovine z nevarnimi odpadki za kršitelje večje kot tveganje zaradi morebitnih kazni. Izpostavili smo pomanjkljivost ustreznega preventivnega nadzora nevarnih odpadkov nastalih pri sami proizvodnji, ki je ključni za preprečevanje nezakonite trgovine s takšnimi odpadki. Predlagamo, da se za učinkovito preprečevanje in preiskovanje nezakonite trgovine z nevarnimi odpadki združi tri med seboj sodelujoče dejavnike: obstoječi način preiskav tovrstnih kaznivih dejanj, stalni kontrolni nadzor na izvoru odpadkov, t.j. preko odkrivanja nedoslednosti v proizvodnem podjetju, kjer tovrstni odpadki nastajajo in izredno kvalitetno medsebojno sodelovanje različnih inšpekcijskih služb in drugih služb, ki delujejo na področjih kriminalitete in gospodarstva. Diplomsko delo je mogoče uporabiti kot pregled obstoječega stanja nezakonite trgovine z nevarnimi odpadki.The objective of the thesis was to examine the issue of illegal trade of hazardous waste as a part of environmental crime, to determine the causes and based on the findings suggest measures to accelerate and facilitate the detection and prevention of these forms of crime. By analyzing sources and cases we determined that the main causes for illegal trade of hazardous waste are financial-economic benefits and avoiding costs of legal recycling of hazardous waste, and that for violators the benefits of illegal trafficking of hazardous waste are higher than the risk due to possible penalties. We have highlighted the weakness of adequate preventive control of hazardous waste generated in the production itself, which is the key to prevent illicit trafficking in such wastes. We suggest that for the effective prevention and investigation of illegal trafficking of hazardous wastes we combine three mutually compatible factors: the existing method of investigation of such crimes, regular inspection controls on the origin of waste, that is through the detection of inconsistencies in the production company where such waste is generated and extremely high-quality cooperation between various inspection services and other services operating in the areas of crime and the economy. The thesis can be used as an overview of the current status of illegal trafficking of hazardous waste