BAD BANK: A COMPARISON OF THE SPANISH AND SLOVENIAN BAD BANK

V delu diplomskega projekta je predstavljeno, kako je prišlo do svetovne finančne krize leta 2008. Vse države so se takrat morale soočiti z dejstvom, da je tudi njih prizadela kriza, in se odločiti, kako posredovati, da bi bile posledice čim manjše. Raziskovali smo tudi, kdo so krivci za nastanek krize globalne razsežnosti. Ker se je kriza zgodila zaradi ameriškega drugorazrednega trga hipotekarnih posojil, se je seveda kriza najprej pojavila v ZDA, ker pa je ameriško gospodarstvo tako veliko in močno, se je kriza hitro razširila tudi v Evropo, saj so evropske banke veliko vlagale v ameriški trg hipotekarnih posojil. Slabe terjatve so nastale predvsem zaradi zgrešene politike bank, ki so dajale kredite fizičnim osebam in pravnim subjektom, za katere se je vedelo, da ne bodo sposobni vrniti najetih kreditov. Države so se morale odločiti, s katerimi instrumenti bodo ublažile posledice krize. Večina držav se je odločila za uvedbo slabe banke in prenos slabih sredstev. Ker pa poznamo več modelov slabe banke, se je bilo treba odločiti, kateri model izbrati, da bi tako čim prej izplavali iz krize. Opisali smo več modelov, ki so med bolj prepoznavnimi in uspešnimi. Podrobneje smo opisali slovenski model slabe banke – DUTB in ga primerjali s špansko slabo banko – SAREB. Primerjali smo ju po več kriterijih in predstavili ugotovitve.Our graduation project presents how it came to the global financial crisis in 2008. All countries have to face the fact that in the meantime they are also affected by the crisis and to decide, how to act accordingly so that the consequences are lowered to minimum. We also studied who are the culprits for the emergence of the crisis, which has acquired a global dimension. As the crisis has been caused by US sub-prime mortgage market, it first emerged in the United States, but because the US economy is so large and powerful, the crisis quickly spread to Europe because European banks have invested heavily in the US mortgage credit market. Bad debts occure mainly due to the misguided policies of banks that give loans to natural persons and legal entities, which are known to not be able to repay loans. All countries should decide what instruments should be used to mitigate the effects of the crisis. Most countries have decided to establish a bad bank and to transfer bad assets. However, since there are several models of bad bank, it has been necessary to decide which model to decide on, in order to settle them as soon as possible to lessen the crisis. We describe several models which are among the most recognizable and successful. Further comparisson of Slovenian model of bad bank - DUTB with the Spanish bad bank SAREB is shown. We compared them according to various criteria and came up with conclusions which are also presented below