MANIPULATION OF INDIVIDUALS BY TERRORIST ORGANIZATIONS

Terorizem predstavlja nacionalno in mednarodno ogrožanje varnosti in po vsem svetu se vse pogosteje izvršujejo teroristični napadi. Trenutno najbolj aktualna teroristična organizacija je samooklicana Islamska država, ki je od leta 2014 izvršila več kot 140 terorističnih napadov v 31 državah. Podpornike pridobiva po vsem svetu in mnogi so odpotovali na območje Sirije in Iraka z namenom, da se pridružijo teroristom in postanejo borci. Namen diplomskega dela je bil predvsem ugotoviti, zakaj se posamezniki iz tujih držav odločijo, da se bodo pridružili teroristični organizaciji, in kakšno vlogo imajo pri tem organizacije same, kar je bilo predstavljeno predvsem na primeru Islamske države. Pripadniki Islamske države svoje podpornike pridobivajo predvsem z uporabo družbenih omrežij, kot sta na primer Twitter in Facebook, s propagandami preko radia in televizije, z izdajanjem lastnih revij ter z zlorabljanjem računalniških iger. Pri tem vsako propagando prilagodijo, da ustreza ciljni družbi. Na primer na državljane zahodnih držav vplivajo z drugačnimi argumenti kakor na lokalno prebivalstvo, prav tako uporabljajo različne propagande pri moških in pri ženskah. Pri moških poudarjajo bratstvo, junaštvo, dolžnost, da se borijo in dokažejo svojo vero. Pri ženskah pa poudarjajo sestrstvo, možnost, da se poročijo s pravim borcem ter rodijo novo generacijo upornikov. Islamski državi se je do sedaj pridružilo že približno 31.000 tujcev, med katerimi je bilo tudi veliko mladoletnih fantov in deklet, ta številka pa iz dneva v dan še vedno narašča. Zaskrbljujoče je, da terorističnim organizacijam uspe manipulirati z ljudmi po vsem svetu in to predstavlja še večjo grožnjo v boju proti terorizmu. Terorizem se tako širi še hitreje kot običajno in predstavlja nevarnost na vsakem koraku. Potrebno bi bilo ozaveščanje ljudi ne samo o terorizmu samem, temveč tudi o problemu radikalizacije novih pripadnikov, kako le-ta poteka ter kako to še pravočasno zaznati in preprečiti.Terrorism represents national and international security threat. Currently the most popular terrorist organization is a self-proclaimed Islamic State, which has since 2014 conducted more than 140 terrorist attacks in 31 countries. They are gaining supporters all around the world and many of them traveled to the area of Syria and Iraq with an intention to join the terrorists and become fighters. The aim of the thesis was to establish why individuals are joining terrorist organizations and what the role of these organizations is, which was presented mainly in the case of the Islamic State. Members of the Islamic state gain their supporters mainly through the use of social networks such as Twitter and Facebook, with propagandas on radio and television, by issuing their own magazine and through computer and video games. They adapt their propagandas to match the target society. For example, for the Westerns they use different arguments as to the local population. They also use different propaganda on man and woman. With man they stress brotherhood, heroism, duty to fight and prove their faith. With woman they emphasize sisterhood, the possibility to marry a real fighter and to give birth to a new generation of rebels. There were already around 31.000 foreigners who joined Islamic State among whom were many underage boys and girls and this figure is still increasing day by day. It is concerning that terrorist organizations are able to manipulate people all around the world and it represents even bigger threat in the fight against terrorism. Terrorism is expanding even faster than normal and represents danger in every step. It is necessary to raise people’s awareness not only to terrorism itself, but also about the radicalization of new members, how to detect radicalization in time and how to prevent it