Critical Analyses of the Regulation of the right to aslyum in EU law, from a human rights perspective

Magistrska naloga obravnava in analizira pravno ureditev skupnega evropskega azilnega sistema z vidika varstva človekovih pravic. V prvem delu naloge so predstavljeni pravni insturmenti, ki urejajo področje azila v EU. V tem okviru so izpostavljene tudi temeljne pomanjkljivosti zadevnega sistema, kakor so se izkazale ob nenadzorovanem in množičnem dotoku državljanov tretjih držav, ki so na ozemlju EU zaprosili za mednarodno zaščito, od leta 2015 dalje (evropska begunska kriza). Pomanjkljivosti skupnega evropskega azilnega sistema v luči varstva človekovih pravic, so predstavljene skozi analizo prakse Sodišča EU in Evropskega sodišča za človekove pravice. V osrednjem delu naloge je predstavljena in analizirana reforma skupnega evropskega azilnega sistema, kakor jo je predlagala Evropska komisija maja 2016, in podana ocena o učinkovitosti ter primernosti bistvenih ukrepov, predvidenih z navedeno reformo. Naloga je dopolnjena z oceno spremeb slovenske azilne zakonodaje. Na podlagi zadevne analize veljavne ureditve in predlagane reforme skupnega evropskega azilnega sistema, je v sklepu naloge podana ocena , da je bistvena pomanjkljivost pravne ureditve pravice do azila v EU, dejstvo, da sistem primarno ščiti interes držav članic EU ter vzpostavlja pravila, ki preprečujejo zlorabe azilnih postopkov in sekundarna gibanja prosilcev za mednarodno zaščito, ne da bi sistem v zadostni meri zagotovil učinkovito zaščito človekovih pravic prosilcev za mednarodno zaščito. V sklepu so prav tako podani predlogi za sprejem ukrepov, ki bi zagotovili učinkovitejše reševanje evropske begunske krize, med drugim preko vzpostavitve zakonitih poti za vstop prosilcev za mednarodno zaščito na ozemlje EU, do okrepljenega delovanja EU v tretjih državah.The thesis discusses and analyzes the legal regime of the Common European Asylum System with regard to the protection of human rights. The first part of the thesis sets out and presents the legal instruments governing asylum in the EU. In this context, it also emphasises some fundamental weaknesses of the Common European Asylum System, as shown by the uncontrolled and massive influx of third country nationals seeking international protection in the EU, from 2015 onwards (European refugee crisis). Furthermore, the the thesis focuses on an analysis of the jurisprudence of the ECJ and the European Court of Human Rights, which points out deficiencies of the Common European Asylum System, with regard to the protection of basic human rights. The central part of the thesis, presents the proposal for a reform of the Common European Asylum System, as proposed by the European Commission in May 2016, and provides an assessment of the effectiveness and suitability of the essential measures, provided for by the reform. The thesis is complemented by an assessment of the changes made in Slovenian asylum law. Based on the analysis of the current regime and the proposed reform of the Common European Asylum System, the thesis concludes that the main deficiency in the regulation of the right to asylum in the EU, is the fact that the system primarily protects the interests of the EU Member States by establishing rules to prevent the abuse of asylum procedures and secondary movements of applicants for international protectionhowever the aforementioned system does not sufficiently adress the question of ensuring effective protection of the human rights of applicants for international protection. In conclusion the thesis proposes the adopiton of certain measures, that would ensure the efficient settlement of the refugee crisis, including through the establishment of legal channels for the entry of applicants for international protection on EU territory and a strengthened EU action in third countries