RIGHTS OF PERSONS ARRESTED OR DETAINED

Poseg v posameznikovo svobodo je poleg posega v pravico do življenja, ena najhujših kršitev človekovih pravic, ter je sprejemljiv le v primeru ko tako dopušča oziroma določa zakon. Vsaka država s pomočjo zakonov določa pravice oseb katerim je odvzeta prostost. Tako v Sloveniji le te pravice ureja Ustava Republike Slovenije, podrobneje pa Zakon o kazenskem postopku, kateri temelji na evropski pravi ureditvi. Pravice oseb ob odvzemu prostosti izhajajo iz Ustave RS in Zakona o kazenskem postopku, ter veljajo za vsakogar, ki se znajde v situaciji, ko mu je poseženo v svobodo. Med osnovne pravice sodi pravica do molka, pravica do zagovornika, pravica do tolmačenja in prevajanja, pravica do obveščanja in pravica do seznanitve z razlogi pridržanja ter pravica do pritožbe. Le te pravice temeljijo na evropski pravni ureditvi in prav zato so si pravice ki veljajo v Sloveniji skoraj identične s pravicami Republike Hrvaške. Namen diplomskega dela je podrobna predstavitev pravic osumljenca ob odvzemu prostosti. Uvodna poglavja opredeljujejo osnovne pojme, domnevo nedolžnosti ter pravico do poštenega sojenja, ter načela, ki določajo dopustitev posega v človekove pravice. Osrednji del sestavlja Ustavna ureditev pravic osumljenca ob odvzemu prostosti, Evropska ureditev pravic osumljenca, kateremu je odvzeta prostost in Zakon o kazenskem postopku z novelo ZKP-M. Na koncu diplomskem delu, so opredeljene pravice osumljenca ob odvzemu prostosti v Republiki Sloveniji ter primerjava le teh s hrvaško pravno ureditvijo.An intervention in persons freedom is a serious violation of human rights and its acceptable only when the law allows so. With the help of the laws each country stipulates rights of those who are arrested. The constitution of Republic of Slovenia regulates those rights in Slovenia. More detailed stipulations of rights can be found in the law of criminal procedure which is based on European regulations. Those rights are applicable to all persons deprived of their liberty. Basic rights include the right to remain silent, the right to legal representation, the right to interpretation and translation, the right to be informed of the grounds for detention and the right to appeal. Only these rights are based on European regulations and because of that these rights are almost identical to the rights in Republic of Croatia. The purpose of this thesis is a detailed presentation of suspects rights when his freedom is taken. Introductory chapter consists of basic concept, presumption of innocence and the right to a fair trial. The main part on thesis consist of constitutional rights regime of the suspect when his freedom is taken, European rights regime of the suspect whose freedom is taken and the law of criminal procedure. The rights of the suspect when his freedom is taken in Republic of Slovenia and a comparison with the same right in Republic of Croatia are described in the final part of this thesis