Criteri progettuali e sistemi gestionali dell’eco-quartiere. La valenza energetica nella progettazione urbana.

This research focuses on the ecological neighborhood. It is analyzed not as an independent element but as a related part of the urban system. The main issue of this research is the interpretation of the planning elements, of the technological solutions and of the managing, economical and social processes which are at the basis of the urban transformation. Beyond the scale of individual building, the local dimension of the neighborhood is the most suitable for the analysis. It represents the ideal dimension to manage easily the energetic consumption and to foster functional integration strategies related to urban structure. The local dimension also allows to manage the settlement schemes, the collective transportation strategies and the economical and social thematic. The main aim of this research is the definition of the fundamental elements for the realization (or the transformation) of urban portions characterized by energy efficiency, environmental resource value and by the creation of new urban, social and economical networks. The attention focuses on governance system at the basis of the urban transformation processes, mainly referring to the economic, social and managing themes. The economic and managing solutions are the “key elements” to determine the success or the inefficacy of the planning strategies. The first part of the research refers to the theoretical definition of the sustainable urban planning through the study of the historical planning movements and of implemented policies (Smart Growth, New Urbanism, Green Urbanism, Transition Town, European and Italian strategies). From this theoretical analysis result some criteria for the best practices selection, analyzed in the following section. The second part of the research deals with the general description of main elements of the ecological neighborhood. It is structured in three main subjects: - Settlement organization; - Energy saving technology; - Managing and economic themes. The third part of the research deals with the different planning solution for urban transformation. Furthermore it deals with the more precise description of specific intervention instruments and the relations between the local and urban dimension. Conclusions deals with reflections on the main paths for urban transformation that leads to the creation of new dynamics and urban synergies from the environmental and energetic aspects and the social-economics ones. The study concentrates on the elements of the whole planning process and the main actors and developers involved to understand what kind of development derived from the urban transformation. The different planning practices are only about urban retrofitting operations or have became places of new urban synergies and economies at local level