A Comparative Study on Phasor and Frequency Measurement Techniques in Power Systems

The objective of the thesis is to make a comparative study on different phasor and frequency estimation algorithms available for power systems. The three-phase power system is designed to operate in a near balanced fashion with the system voltage and current quantities maintained within their nominal values. In practice, that is not always possible. The dynamic nature of the power system signals has made the estimation of these quantities difficult. Over the years, many digital algorithms have been developed to provide accurate real-time frequency and phasor measurements. In this report, four different algorithms for frequency estimation and three different algorithms for phasor estimation are studied and compared. A case study is performed by considering a three-phase voltage signal with time-varying amplitude and frequency to verify the effectiveness of these estimation algorithms. The concept of time scaling phenomenon is explained in this thesis. The effect of time scaling on the phasors that are measured based on dynamic and static time references are also discussed. A laboratory setup of Phasor Measurement Unit is developed through a Hardware in Loop (HIL)simulation using a real-time simulator based on the DFT algorithms that are considered for the stud