[[alternative]]A Study on the Psychological Need Problems And Related Factors for Elementary School Teachers

[[abstract]]本研究旨在以Maslow需求層次論，其他學者論述與實徵性研究結果及研究者以往的研究發現為基礎，來了解國小教師三項心理需求困擾的狀況，及探討性別、年齡、學歷、擔任職務、自我概念、教學態度、工作滿意度等七項變項與國小教師心理需求困擾的關係。採用「教師需求困擾量表」、「教師因應策略量表」、簡式「田納西自我概念量表」、簡式「教師態度量表」、「國小教師工作滿意量表」、「基本資料調查表」等六種研究工具，隨機取得855名國小教師為研究樣本，結果發現:(1)國小教師生存需求困擾最高，次為成長需求困擾，而以人際關係需求困擾最低。(2)國小女教師三項心理需求困擾均顯著低於男教師。(3)年齡愈高國小教師的成長需求困擾與心理需求困擾總分愈少。(4)不同學歷國小教師在整體或個別三項心理需求困擾均無顯著差異。(5)擔任職務愈高國小教師的心理需求困擾愈少(6)國小教師的自我概念、教學態度、工作滿意度分別與各項心理需求困擾均具顯著負相關。(7)國小教師的自我概念、工作滿意度最能預測心理需求困擾。(8)七項變項與國小教師的三項心理需求困擾透過三組典型因素而相互影響。 The purpose of this research, based on Maslow's theory of need hierarchy and related studies, was to analysis the psychological need problems of Elementary School Teachers and to explore the relation-ship of sex, age, educational backgrounds, working tasks, self concept, teacher attitude and work satisfaction with psychological need strengths. "The Teacher Need Problem Inventory", "Tennessee Self -Concept Scale", "Teacher Attitude Inventory", "Teacher Job Satisfaction Questionnaire" and "Questionnaire of Teacher Background" were administed to 855 elementary school teachers. The major findings were as follows: (1) The survival need problem of teachers' response on Teacher Need Problem Inventory was highest, but the interpersonal relationship need problem was lowest. (2) Male teachers had signficantly high psychological need problems than female teachers. (3) The older he was, the less psychological need problems he had. (4) No significant difference was found among psyshological need problems in different educational background. (5) The higher position he got, the less psychological need problem h had. (6) The self-concept, teaching attitude, job satisfaction seperately negatively correlated with psychological need problem. (7) The self-concept and job satisfaction were found to be the best predictors of psychological need problems. (8) Seven variables, three psychological need problems seperately influenced each other through three typical factors