[[alternative]]A Study on the Loss, Grief and Adjustment Process of the Parents Who Have a Handicapped Child

[[abstract]] 本研究之主要目的在於瞭解身心障礙兒童父母的失落經驗、悲傷反應、悲傷的調適歷程及支持其調適歷程的因素等，做為同樣陷於悲痛處境而尚未走出來的身心障礙兒童父母親之借鏡，幫助他們能早日渡過悲傷期，以正向的態度迎接未來艱辛的日子；更期望探索的結果，能成為專業助人工作者、學校及教師、政府相關部門等，在輔導身心障礙兒童家庭時的參考；也願看到這本論文的一般人士，能對身心障礙家庭給予更多的接納與關懷，幫助他們走出困境。 本研究採取質性研究中的敘事分析法作為研究進路，用立意取樣方式選取四名已有良好調適的身心障礙兒童父母為研究參與者，根據他們的敘說文本進行資料分析。先以Lieblich 等人所提出的「整體—內容」方式呈現四位研究參與者在遭逢孩子之身心障礙事實時，他們的失落與悲傷調適的歷程；再以「類別—內容」之分析模式呈現四位研究參與者之失落經驗、悲傷反應，以及支持其調適歷程之相關因素等。 本研究結果發現：（一）身心障礙的孩子引發父母不同層面的失落經驗。（二）身心障礙的孩子引發父母複雜、強烈且持久的悲傷反應。（三）身心障礙兒童父母的悲傷調適歷程是漸進與緩慢的過程。（四）身心障礙兒童父母雖已達適應階段，偶爾仍會有悲傷反應出現。（五）身心障礙兒童父母之悲傷調適歷程大致相同。（六）夫妻之間的調適歷程同中有異。（七）支持身心障礙兒童父母之悲傷調適歷程的因素有：個人樂觀堅強的人格特質，個人認知態度上的調整，從自己的工作中獲得調劑，主動去尋求教育資源，家人的支持，朋友、同事及周遭他人的關懷協助，加入支持性團體等因素。（八）身心障礙兒童父母之悲傷調適過程牽涉到情緒、認知、生理和行為的交互作用。[[abstract]] The purpose of this research is to understand the experience of loss, grief and adjustment process of the parents who have a handicapped child and the factors to sustain their adjustment process. It also can be the paradigm for the parents who have a handicapped child but still can not get rid of grief situation. We hope this research can help them to pass the sorrow and have the positive attitude to face the difficult day in the future. Moreover, we also expect that the result of this research can be the reference for professional people, school, teachers, and related government divisions to guide the family which have handicapped child. In addition, we hope people who read this thesis can give more concern to those families and help them go out the difficult situation. The study applied narrative analysis for the qualitative research method. First of all, we chose four parents who have a handicapped child with good adjustment to participate and depended on their statement to analyze the data. We applied the holistic-content mode to show their loss, grief, and adjustment process when they faced the fact which child became handicap. Then, we applied the categorical-content mode to show the experience of loss and grief for participant and the related factors for their adjustment process as well. The findings of the research are: 1. Handicapped child can bring about the different levels of loss for parents. 2. Handicapped child can cause the complicated, strong, and lasting sadness for their parents. 3. The adjustment process for the parents who have handicapped child is gradual and slow process. 4. Although the parents who have handicapped child have adjusted already, they would have the reaction of sadness sometimes. 5. The adjustment process of sadness for the parents who have handicapped child is almost the same. 6. The adjustment process between husbands and wives are different. 7. The factors to sustain their adjustment process are optimistic and sturdy personality, the adjustment for cognitive attitude, relieving from work, seeking the education resources on own initiative, the support from family, concerns and assistance from friends and peers, and join the assistant groups. 8. The involvement of adjustment process is related to emotion, cognition, and physiological and behavior correlation