[[alternative]]A Study on the Integration of European Patent System

[[abstract]] 歐洲各國國土相連，交通網路發達，發明易受瓢竊流通，且各國國內法律上的差異性，造成發明人為保護該發明必須向各國一一請求，不便之處顯可見之。因此有識之士早已提倡建立各國專利法的合作機制，進而整合形成一套專利制度。歐洲專利制度主要有三項重要的條約所構成分別是: 史特拉斯堡公約、歐洲專利公約及歐洲共同體專利規則草案。史特拉斯堡公約規定專利申請的統一格式、確立發明專利的國際分類，及整合部分專利實體法要件，促成共同專利制度基本觀念。歐洲專利公約為公約中最早生效，而且是締約國最多的條約，為歐洲專利制度整合所帶來的影響最能顯而見之，歐洲專利公約所建立之歐洲專利組織架構下的歐洲專利局，用以執行歐洲專利公約內容相關規定，為整合歐洲專利制度之重要機構。歐洲共同體專利規則草案之目的為產生共同體專利權，共同體專利權授與、宣告無效、移轉、期滿消滅的效力將在歐洲聯盟國家內相同一致，且欲建立共同體專利法院以整合專利訴訟程序，將為歐洲專利制度整合之重大突破。藉由綜合分析此三項重要公約締約歷程、內容後發現，歐洲專利制度之整合，乃是先建立基本原則而後由程序法及實體法上運作，利用與國內專利法並行的公約，建立屬於歐洲地區特有的區域性專利制度並使之影響而促成各國修改國內專利法達到一致，漸進地完成歐洲專利法整合之目標。[[abstract]] Patent plays a central role among the different instruments available for protecting innovation. In order to give inventors the option to obtain the grant of the patent quickly and effectually by integration of European patent system. European Patent System is based on three international conventions, They are Convention on the Unification of Certain Points of Substantive Law on Patents for Invention, or Strasburg Convention, and European Patent Convention and Draft Regulation on the Community Patent. Strasburg Convention led to a significant harmonization of patent laws across European countries to establish patentability criteria. It intended to harmonize substantive patent law but not procedural law. European Patent Convention is open to accession by any European States. It is intended to rationalize the grant of patents by establishing a centralized procedure managed by the European Patent Office in Munich. Draft Regulation on the European Community Patent is intend to contribute to the achievement of the aims of single market. It is intended to create a single, unitary and autonomous, protection rights valid throughout the European Union. These three decisive conventions have influence on the integration of European Patent System. Patent protection is ensured in Europe by 2 systems: national patent and Europe patent system. It is a fact that patent system has become complicated in Europe. Therefore it's necessary to propose the integration of European patent system. The integration of European patent system significantly lessens the burden on business and encourages innovation by making it cheaper to obtain a patent and by providing a clear legal framework