[[alternative]]The construction of life meaningfulness based on the world-views and purposes in life--A narrative study of adult residents repeatedly suffered from severe natural disasters

[[abstract]] 假設個人的生命意義感是構築在世界觀與生活目標之上，一定會有一套屬於自己的世界觀，以確立個人的生活目標，個人目標達成的狀態與評價，會給出生命的意義感。世界觀是個人適應生活世界的一種方式，當個人生命發生重大的事件，原有的世界觀會突然斷裂，先前存在的世界觀會被改變，以適應新的生活環境。 世界觀斷裂會讓個人處於無意義狀態。常人面對無意義的苦難態度有幾種，一種是怨天尤人、頹廢喪志，也有一種是被生活推著走，沒有過多的時間怨尤，另外一種人則是愈挫愈勇，如寒冬裡盛開的梅花，在惡劣的環境中求生存，苦難對他是生命的一種經驗，反而得以讓生命呈現出更完整的一面。 本研究是以敘事研究的觀點，探索重複受災地區成年人的生命意義。研究方法是整合質性研究的敘事研究與深度訪談方式，以三位研究參與者的生命故事敘說為主，輔以整合性的深度訪談，以及研究者的田野觀察，探索重複受災地區，個人的世界觀、生活目標與生命意義感之相互構築。 研究分析是整合Lieblich，Tuval-Mashiach & Zilber(1998) 分析法的「類別－內容」、「整體－內容」分析與McAdams(1999)的階層分析模式。研究結果顯示世界觀與生活目標、生命意義感是相互構成的。從研究結果歸納出幾點結論，正統與末流有其成就之別，人際網絡是生命必然現象，苦難是生命重要的課題，多面向的世界觀是生命安置之道，意義感是生命給出的等。 本研究也提供處於災難中的人適切的幫助，得以藉個人生命經驗之敘說，重新理解事件的意義，從無意義的事件中尋找生命意義，個人生命故事的敘說也是一種心理治療，可以提供國內相關單位救災及災後心理輔導之參考。[[abstract]] People's sense of life meaningfulness assumed to be constituted of their life goals and world-views. Certain set of world-views would lead one to pursue certain type of life goals. These pursuit and the judgements of attaining the desired goals give one the sense of meaningfulness. People employ certain forms of world-views to adapt to the world. When severe stressful life events (e. g. environmental disasters) occur, the existing world-views should be reformed to adapt to the new environment. This research adopts narrative points of view to explore the meaning of the life of adult residents repeatedly suffered from severe natural disasters. The research method integrates both the narrative research of the same quality; it is mainly emphasized on the narration of life stories of three researchers and the deep-interviewing way is also subsidiary to explore the personal viewpoints of the world, life goals and the hierarchy relation of life meaningfulness of those who repeatedly suffered from severe natural disasters. Research integrates both the whole analyzing of Lieblich, Tuval-Mashiach and Zilber (1998 ), The ＂holistic-content＂ and ＂categorical-content＂, and the content of McAdams (1999). The result of the research shows that the viewpoint of the world, life goals and the meaningfulness of life are interactive. The result of this research shows that misery is the common lesson of life, the relationship of human beings is the essential phenomenon of life, the standard line of succession and the lowest social class are different in their achievement, much faced world-view is life settle road, the sense of meaning is what life itself gives and the success or not of life goals affects the meaningfulness of life. This research also provides help to people who are in bad disasters; to comprehend the meaning of events again to find the life meaning from meaningless things by the narration about stories of personal life is also a kind of psychological remedy and it also provides references to some relative departments in our country to help people recover their psychological problems when they are in disasters or after disasters