[[alternative]]A Study of Relationship between Nonprofit Organization and Lacal Government--The Case of Sacred Heart Home

[[abstract]] 福利國家的發展使吾人體認福利服務與財貨必須由政府、市場、非營利和社區四個部門共同來提供。非營利組織具有的不分配盈餘等特徵，使其在市場、政府、契約失靈時成為福利供給的要角，在非營利組織與其他三個部門的關係中，與政府的關係是最重要的，文獻中亦已廣被討論，尤其在台灣當下，政府財政短絀，市場能力不足，社區體制未健全之下，如何使NPOs發揮其既有之功能，即為亟需探索的課題。 非營利組織與政府的關係猶如人際關係般，從陌生到合夥需經歷一段段考驗，本研究由非營利組織與政府關係的相關研究中，整理出影響雙方關係發展的因素為：主事者的認知、資源依賴程度、制度化程度、組織結構特性，依這些向度建構出雙方可能的關係及關係成立的條件分別為：補充關係－向政府立案，提供服務；契約關係－政府方案委託；互補關係－彼此了解特性，協力合作；合夥關係－長期信任，有共同治理機制；敵對關係－雙方的使命、目的發生衝突。 依此分析模型，本文探討聖心教養院與嘉義縣政府關係的歷史發展，所得的結論有如下三項： 一、自1990-1994年聖心教養院的創始期，與嘉義縣政府是處於補充關係，此時期主要的互動事項為：內政部全國身心障礙機構第四次評鑑、政府專案的委託、設備設施的補助。 二、自1995-1998年聖心教養院的成長期，雙方仍處於補充關係，此時期教養院著重於專業能力的提升，和政府的互動，除了設施的補助，就是勞基法適行社福機構的制度衝擊及縣府教育局特殊教育輔導小組的輔導。 三、自1999-2002年聖心教養院的擴展期，雖逢九二一震災，然教養院擴大慶祝成立十週年，行銷作用使得社會捐獻不減反增，此時期由於雙方有人力諮詢委員的聘任，有行政業務活動的合作，加上各級首長對蒲神父的褒揚、成人重殘養護中心土地取得的朝野紛爭，使教養院的名聲如日中升，然規模小、專業教學能力仍不足，此時雙方的關係是介於補充和互補中間。 綜合言之，教養院與縣府間沒有敵對的能力，沒有共同治理機制的合夥關係，也沒有方案委託的契約關係，只存在著補充與互補關係，而在補充與互補之間有互信建立、人力互動、財務補助增加、及專業能力達標準等階段，及存在於各階段的公共關係。聖心教養院當提升並擴大專業能力，發展專業師資，以承接政府方案，形成契約關係，進而走入互補關係。[[abstract]] A study of developing process of welfare state makes us understand governments, markets, NPOs and communities sectors all have to provide profit services. But there is no denying that NPOs have come to play a particularly important role in the service provision upon the existence of the failures of governments, markets and contracts. The relationship between NPOs and governments is considered most important as compared to that of three other sectors. In the study, we find out the strands which affect the relationship between both as follows : leaders’ cognitive, resource independence, institutionalization and organizational structure. According to these dimensions, the researcher constructs the possible relationships between two: ＊ NPOs as supplements to governments: such as service provision and ＊ NPOs and government as contracting: the authorization of governmental programs. ＊ NPOs and government as compliments: knowing and cooperating each other. ＊ NPOs and government as collaborations: long-term mutual accountability and governing mechanism. ＊ NPOs and government as adversaries: the conflicts of missions and goals. According to the analytical model, this research project examines the historical development of the relationship between Sacred Heart Home and local government. The conclusions are as belows: （1）Initial period（1990 - 1994）: Sacred Heart Home and Chia-yi county government is under the supplementary relationship. The main interaction during this period is the Fourth Evaluation of Countrywide Disabled Organizations, the authorization of government program, and the governmental grants to Sacred Heart Home’s equipments and facilities. （2）Growing period（1995 - 1998）: The relationship between both parties was still kept the same — the supplementary relationship. Sacred Heart Home focused on the promotion of professional abilities and interactions with the government. In addition to the governmental grants of facilities, it faced the institutional impact when labor’s law was executed ,and special education counseling team of Education Bureau of Chia-yi county guided the social service organizations. （3）Expanding period（1999 - 2002）:Even encountering on 921 Earthquake, Sacred Heart Home’s enlarging the celebration of 10th anniversary made the endowment more than as usual. In this period, Sacred Heart Home and the government have the interaction of each other’s consultants and the cooperation in executing affairs and activities. The things, which government officials among different ranks respected Father Bu and the argument among political parties about acquiring land for Sacred Heart home for elderly, made it gain high reputations. However, it is still in the small size with insufficiency of professional abilities. Therefore, their relationship is seen between supplements and compliments. General speaking, Sacred Heart Home appears particular mixes of supplementary and complementary relationships with the county government, and it has neither adversarial relationship nor collaborative relationship with county government. Sacred Heart Home is engaged in mutual accountability, interaction of human power, increasing grants of financical and public relationship. However, Sacred Heart Home should upgrade its professional ability and the training of nursers so that it is able to carry out governmental programs. Based on forming the contracting relationship develops the complimentary relationship with Chia-yi county government