[[alternative]]The Types of Biography and Their Development in Taiwan

[[abstract]] 傳記圖書是一種豐富多樣，且具有歷史性的圖書類型，其發展亦與社會脈動間有一定程度的關係。本研究係以台灣戰後及至二○○二年營利出版單位所出版之傳記圖書作為研究對象，希冀透過分類，將為數眾多的傳記圖書分為數個獨立、可辨識的類型，俾使其整體輪廓更為清晰，並觀察類型本身的發展狀況，包括質與量上的變化，且進一步思考其背後所隱含的意義。 本研究選擇以傳記所誌之人物作為傳記圖書分類的標準，將符合研究範圍的六一○七部傳記圖書分為十三個類型，並分析其數量增減與內涵的演變。此外，更進一步觀察社會變遷與傳記圖書發展間的關聯。在研究方法上，本研究乃採用文獻研究法，並援引文獻計量學的核心概念，以期能清楚勾勒台灣傳記圖書的發展面貌。 研究發現，五十七年來台灣傳記圖書的出版總數，約占所有圖書出版品的1.09%，且傳記圖書的所占比率並未呈現逐年增加的趨勢。整體而言，在台灣各類型的傳記圖書中，「政治軍事界人物」與「文學歷史界人物」的傳記圖書所占比率最高。至於「商業界人物」、「演藝界人物」、「體育界人物」等類型的傳記圖書，則是於一九九○年代以後，或說是解嚴以降，方有明顯的成長。最後，本研究乃從「政治力鬆綁」、「經濟力增強」與「價值多元化」等三個面向來探討社會變遷與傳記圖書發展間的關係。[[abstract]] Biography not only possesses historic significance, but it is also a plentiful and diverse type of books. Likewise, the relation between its development and social pulsation has a certain extent. This research aims at the biographies published by commercial publishers from Second World War to 2002 in Taiwan. A variety of biographies can be divided into several independent and recognizable types according to the classification, in order to make their entire outline articulate and simultaneously examine the condition of development with respect to these types identities, including a variation of quality and quantity. Moreover, an implicit significance behind them can be further probed. The research selects the written personages of biographies as a norm of classification. The 6107 pieces of biographies which accord with the scope of research can be classified into 13 types. Furthermore, it examines the quantitative increase and decrease and the qualitative evolution. In addition, the research is further to observe the relation between social change and development of biography. Concerning the methodologies, this research adopts document research and cites the principal conceptions of bibliometrics, for giving an account of the developmental aspects in Taiwanese biography. According to the research, it is fairly certain that in the last 57 years in Taiwan the publishing amount of biography has taken possession of entire publication of books by 1.09 percent, and there was not a gradual rise year after year with regard to a percentage of biography. Altogether, amongst various types of biographies in Taiwan, the proportions of the divisions of political and military personages and the divisions of literary and historical personages are highest. As to the proportions of others such as the divisions of commercial, entertaining and athletic personages, there have been also a marked increase, since Taiwan was after 1990 as well as the government announced martial law ended later.Finally, the research selects three dimensions to explore the relation between social change and development of biography.The three dimensions are emancipation of political power, enhancement of economical power, and diversification of values