[[alternative]]The Study on Cultural Policy of Spain

[[abstract]]西班牙位於歐亞大陸的西端，自古以來就曾歷經不同民族的入侵，經由長時間不斷的融和與發展，促使境內擁有不同族群及豐富多樣的文化藝術，西國雖歷經佛朗哥政權所帶來的文化活動受壓抑時期，但民主化後的西班牙政府隨即成立第一個專職文化工作的部門來努力從事文化復興工作，並鼓勵藝術文化自由發展，在歷經中間民主聯盟、西班牙社會勞工黨、以及現今執政的民眾黨努力下，其文化政策之執行工作是具有顯著成果的，政府除了興建許多文化基礎建設外，亦配合進行保護、獎助、以及推廣措施來宣揚西班牙境內豐富多采的文藝活動與歷史文化遺產，由此看來，民主化後的西班牙巳徹底打破獨裁時期文化封閉之狀態，取而代之的是迎向另一個充滿朝氣與活力的多元文化新時代。 有鑑於此，西班牙文化政策遂成為本論文之探究主題。 本論文的參考資料以西班牙官方文件為主，除了透過網際網路擷取西班牙官方資料外，亦向網路書局訂購西班牙文化部出版品以及有關西班牙文化政策之相關書籍。 另外，資料的取得也涵蓋國內大學圖書館所收藏的中、西、英文之相關書籍、期刊、報紙資料及文建會出版品等。 本論文採取歷史敘述法與資料分析法交互運用研究，首先對西班牙文化政策從一九三九年迄今以來的沿革發展過程作一時間性縱向探討，接著，透過西班牙文化政策之相關法律條文、官方文件、具體行動措施與量化之統計數字等資料內容，做整理、分析、及歸納的工作，同時並進一步檢視西班牙文化政策之具體成果。 本論文之研究架構共分為下列六章： 第一章 諸論 第二章 西班牙文化政策之沿革 第三章 西班牙文化政策執行組織及其權限 第四章 西班牙文化政策之探討 第五章 西班牙文化政策具體行動與成效 第六章 結論 本論文研究結果發現，西班牙文化政策之演變係隨著時代背景的不同而有所變動，在佛朗哥獨裁統治下，抑止了境內豐富多元文化之展現，使得西班牙文化建設之發展落後於其他西歐國家，直到民主時代來臨，中央政府則開始積極從事文化的發展工作，以藉此推動文化多元化，並增進民眾參與文化活動的機會。 近二十多年來可以觀察到文化工業、城市文化產業、以及企業贊助文化活動巳成為西班牙文化政策之發展趨勢。[[abstract]]Spain is located in the western part of Eurasia, since ancient times this country had been invading by diverse races, under the circumstances Spain has nourished diverse and abundant arts. Although Franco brought the period which cultural activities must be constrained by the government, yet the death of Franco opened a new era. Under a new regime, the democratic government established the first Ministry of Culture in Spain, since then the government had begun to revitalize Spanish culture. The government not only has taken measures to build many cultural infrastructures, but also protect, encourage, and propagate Spanish culture, this phenomenon proves that democratic Spain has broken away from the period which cultural expression had oppressed under Franco’s regime. The main sources of this thesis are based on the official publications of Spain and the official documents that are obtained from the Internet. Besides, this research also utilizes relative books, periodicals, and newspapers. This thesis exerts the approaches of historical analysis and documental analysis as the major research methods. With these two methods, the thesis explores the development, aims, tendency, and effects of cultural policy of Spain. This thesis is divided into six chapters: (1)Introduction; (2) The development of the cultural policy of Spain; (3) The cultural administration of Spain and its functions; (4)The exploration of the cultural policy of Spain; (5)The actions and effects of the cultural policy of Spain; (6)Conclusion. The finding of the thesis includes that the changes of the cultural policy of Spain depend on different circumstances. The dictatorship of Franco brought the period which cultural activities must be constrained, it caused that the work of cultural development of Spain fell behind the other countries of Western Europe. After the death of Franco, central governments have begun to draft and carry out cultural policy. The cultural actions of the authorities not only revitalize diverse culture of Spain, but improve the people to participate in cultural activities. Since the eighth decade of the twentieth century, cultural industry, cultural industry of city, and patronage of enterprise have become the tendency of the cultural policy of Spain