[[alternative]]Living Options for Disabled People

[[abstract]] 面對台灣人口老化及少子化問題，近年來政府已提出若干長期照護政策與措施因應之。然而，身心障礙者老化問題的嚴重性，雖更勝於一般人口，但在既有的政策上，卻未受到太多的關注，例如:當前長期照顧政策的受益對象，並未納入50歲以下的身心障礙人口，即為明例。有鑑於此，研究者以身心障礙者的居住選擇為研究主軸，探討身心障礙者及家庭的居住型態，藉以瞭解身心障礙者及其家庭的照顧困境。 本研究資料來源為內政部委託中正大學社會福利學系所做「92年身心障礙者生活需求調查」。本研究相關研究結果如下:身心障礙者者以男性居多(58％)、平均年齡51歲、與配偶同住者為50.8％；家庭主要照顧者特質以獨立自我照顧為最多(48％)，家中經濟來源者以兒子為最多(27.6％)，其次為身心障礙者本人(24.3％)，而家中的經濟總收入近74.18%低於39,999元以下；每月收入入不敷出的比例為51.81％。 相關因素分析中，使能因素、傾向因素及需求因素與居住選擇變項皆呈現相關。二元邏輯迴歸分析結果顯示，影響居住選擇的原因有:性別、障礙等級、年齡、婚姻狀況、教育程度、收入來源、每月開銷、收入結餘ADL、IADL等十個，其中以ADL最高、婚姻狀況次之。 基於上述研究結果，本研究建議政府在政策上應關注身心障礙者老化問題與其相關需求、研擬以家庭為中心的服務方案，並整合長期照護服務系統，擴大長期照顧政策的給付對象，減少或紓緩家庭照顧者的壓力，提供高品質的照顧服務，以滿足雙重老化問題而導致的身心障礙者照顧需求。[[abstract]] Facing the trend of an aging society with fewer children，in recent years the Taiwan government has proposed certain measures and policies for long-term care in accordance with it. Although the severity of the aging problem of disabled people is more critical than the usual population, it does not attract much attention in the policies existed. For example, the disabled people under fifty years old are excluded from the beneficiary of current long-term care policies. In view of this, the researcher takes living options for disabled people as the main shaft to probe into the different types of living arrangements for disabled people and their families, so as to know the dilemma of the care on disabled people and their families. The data used in this paper are drawn from the study of needs in life of disabled people (2003) by Department of Social Welfare National Chang Cheng University commissioned by the Ministry of Interior. The related results of this paper found： Most disabled people are male (58%)、mean age is 51years old、50.8% live with one’s spouse; Independent living (48%) is being most of the characteristics of persons who look after the family mainly，most of economic source person of the family are the sons(27.6%), the next is the disabled people themselves(24.3%),and there is approximates 74.18% of the total family economical incomes less than 39,999 dollar NT; The proportion of the monthly income unable to make ends meet is 51.81%. In the analysis of correlated factors, the variables of predisposing variables、enabling characteristics and need variables, and living options show correlated. Results with respect to logistic regression analysis indicate that there are ten reasons affect living options, such as sex、grade of obstacles、age、marital status、level of education、sources of income、monthly expenses、income balance ADL、IADL. It is the highest with ADL among them, the marital status takes second place. On the basis of above-mentioned results of study, we suggest that government policies should pay more attention to the problem of aging of disabled people and its relevant demands、to develop a family-centered scheme of service, integrated the system of long-term care services, to expand the target paying of long-term care policies, to reduce or relax the pressure of persons who look after the family mainly, to provide a high quality care services, such as to satisfy the needs of care of the disable people caused by the dual aging problem