[[alternative]]Regulation of Cytokine TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8 by Far Infrared Irradiation

[[abstract]] 本研究利用不同波長之遠紅外線材料所釋放出之遠紅外線對周邊血液單核細胞、骨髓幹細胞及大鼠照射不同時間，觀察遠紅外線對細胞激素TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6及IL-8之調節。 實驗中將遠紅外線材料之最大放射強度波長（放射峰值波長，λ max）設定為9.63 μm、9.11 μm、8.57 μm，照射15、30、45及60 min。在細胞試驗中利用MTT測定巨噬細胞的增生率，以TRAP測定染巨噬細胞之活性，且收集細胞培養液進行TNF-α及IL-1β之分析，並萃取周邊血液單核細胞之核醣核酸，分析IL-6及IL-8的基因表現量。此外，體外培養骨髓細胞，觀察基質細胞、脂肪細胞及造骨細胞之分化，以評估骨髓微環境之發育。在動物試驗中，λmax設定為9.63μm 及9.11 μm，每次照射45 min。照射模式分為兩種：（1）持續照射2週，並於照射後第3 、7及14天分析大鼠血清中TNF-α及IL-6之濃度；（2）單次照射，並於照射後之第2及第4小時分析大鼠血清中TNF-α及IL-6之濃度。 結果顯示，遠紅外線可促進巨噬細胞之增生與發育，並增加IL-6、IL-8及TNF-α等細胞激素之分泌，且可增進骨髓微環境之的發育，進而促進造血幹細胞之分化。此外，大鼠經遠紅外線照射後第2及第4小時，其血清中IL-6之分泌增加，而在照射兩週後，其血清中IL-6及TNF-α之分泌均增加。由以上結果推論，遠紅外線可透過增加IL-6、IL-8及TNF-α等細胞激素之分泌、增進骨髓微環境之發育，以及提升造血幹細胞之分化，進而促進巨噬細胞之增生及發育，以調節生物體之免疫能力。[[abstract]] This research utilized far infrared radiation (FIR) emitted by far infrared material (FIM) with different wavelength to irradiate peripheral blood monocytes, bone marrow stem cells and rats over different time spans for investigating the effect of FIR on immunoregulation. In the experiments, the wavelength of FIM was set as 9.63 μm, 9.11 μm or 8.57 μm, and the irradiation time was 15, 30 or 45 min. In cell tests, the proliferation rate of macrophages was determined by MTT assay, and the activity of macrophages was determined by TRAP staining. The cultured medium was collected for TNF-αand IL-1β analysis. RNA of the peripheral blood monocytes was extracted to analyze the gene expression of IL-6 and IL-8. Moreover, bone marrow cells were cultured in vivo to investigate the differentiation of stromal cells, lipocytes as well as osteoblasts and to evaluate the development of microenvironment in bone marrow. In animal experiments, theλmax was set as 9.63 μm or 9.11 μm, and the irradiation time was 45 min for every test. Two irradiation modes were utilized in the tests. The first is continuous irradiation for 2 weeks. Concentration of TNF-α and IL-1β in the serum of rats were determined respectively on the 3 rd, 7 th and 14 th day. The second is once irradiation, and the concentration of TNF-α and IL-1β in the serum was assayed at the 2 nd and 4 th hour after irradiation. The results indicate that FIR is able to enhance proliferation and development of macrophages and increase secretion of IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α. Development of microenvironment in bone marrow can also be promoted after FIR irradiation, which can further stimulate differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells. Additionally, IL-6 in serum of the rats increased at the 2 nd and 4 th hour after FIR irradiation. The secretion of IL-6 and IL-8 in serum was also enhanced after 2 weeks of irradiation. Accordingly, FIR is suggested capable of promoting immunity of organisms by increasing secretion of cytokines (IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α), enhancing development of bone marrow microenvironment as well as the differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells. This can further promote development and differentiation of the macrophages and thus regulation immunity of organisms