[[alternative]]A STUDY OF TEACHING AND ADMINISTRATION EFFICACY BY SYSTEM DYNAMICS

[[abstract]] 對於位於偏遠地區的海邊國小學校而言，因校長選聘任用的制度，校長調動頻繁，基於每位新到任校長有不同的教學領導風格，也帶來不同的組織運作模式，學校教職員及學生勢必重新適應其教學領導模式。為求學校整體卓越之效能，校長應該深切體認教學領導的重要，積極致力於增進教學與行政效能，提升學生有效學習。 本研究以系統動態學的觀點，採用Vensim軟體進行系統模式的構建，並舉數值範例對教學與行政的互動情形進行模擬分析與說明，經由數值模擬發現以下系統動態結果：當獎懲的幅度、工作職分提高及改善資訊處理時間時，對教學系統及行政系統的效能均產生正面影響，另提升獎懲幅度以組織運作中期實施最有顯著效果，惟當獎懲的幅度不足或過高時，將產生負面影響。此外，當組織執行力能維持最低閾值（Threshold）時，不論執行力高低均不影響教學效能及行政效能，但當其低於最低閾值時，則對教學效能及行政效能造成負面影響。 相關學校可根據其所面臨的不同情境以參數設定的方式輸入，即可迅速取得未來執行結果，因此本研究對於校長領導風格之行為模擬而言，著實提供一具有價值的決策工具。[[abstract]] Owing to the principals’ select system, those rural area schools which located near the coastland of seas have new principals every two to three years. Every principal has different kind of leadership style, and therefore forms different kinds of organizational operation model. The staff and students have to readjust every time because of the newer leadership style. In order to maximize teaching and learning effectiveness,principals should realize the importance of instructional leadership and devote positively to promote the teaching efficacy and the student to study effectively. This research uses the Vensim packaged software to construct the dynamic model by applying the system dynamics approach；a exemplified case is followed to describe as well as to analyze the interactive situation between teaching and administration. The main conclusions of this research are presented as below: It has the positive influence on the efficacy of teaching and administration when the rewards and job responsibility are enhanced and they also improved the processing time of information. On the other hand, it will have the remarkable effect when the rewards are enhanced in the intermediate phase of the organization operation. However, if the rewards could not be applicable, it will have a negative influence on teaching efficacy. In addition, if the organization execution can keep up its threshold, the teaching and administration efficacy could not be affected. But if it is lower the threshold, the negative influence on teaching and administration efficacy is happened. The related school could apply the proposed model to describe its associated situation by changing the input parameters only.The associated results can be simulated quickly as its referenced basis.Therefore,this research provides a valuable policy-making tool for elementary school principals because the efficacy of teaching and administration could be simulated according to different leadership styles