[[alternative]]The Innovation Practice of Social Enterprise

[[abstract]] 2000年以後，社會企業逐漸成為台灣非營利組織研究與實務兩界的共同議題，甚至凌駕非營利組織產業化議題的討論。台灣社會企業的發展與討論主要受到1970年代歐美社會企業興起風潮之影響。國內外社會企業隨著歷史的演變，運用創新手法尋求組織及社會問題的解決方法，進而帶動社會價值的創造。社會企業結合商業技巧與非營利組織使命，嘗試在企業和非營利組織之間取得平衡點，以更有彈性方式去體現社會公益使命。 本研究以「光原社會企業股份有限公司」為研究個案，運用社會企業的多元模型架構，以社會使命、環境面，以及永續性三個構面進行分析，探討研究個案的實務經驗，以瞭解社會企業面臨的運作困境與因應方法，進而說明其如何實踐社會公益使命。透過次級資料的蒐集和整理，並於研究之初採行參與觀察，逐步建構社會企業基礎概念，以及對個案的瞭解；隨後採行深度訪談探討個案推行其社會事業的執行困境與因應之道。另外，由於社會企業運用商業技巧去達成社會目的，因此本研究也分析個案所應用的社會行銷策略與技術，瞭解其如何協助組織達成預設目的。 本研究發現，光原社會企業選擇以公司行號登記，係鑑於相關組織--瑪納有機生活促進會，過去以社團法人組織型態從事相同目的之運作，卻受限於非營利組織管理規範及財務限制等因素，爰期望以商業行為開拓達成社會使命的新途徑。雖然兩個組織的核心人員多有身分重疊，但功能專業卻明確區分為銷售與輔導兩大面向。實務上引進慈心有機認證，為光原社會企業所從事的有機農業產銷進行全台首次的「集團驗證、單一作驗證」。整體光原社會企業的業務推廣，則有賴該組織創新的領導風格、精神，以及積極態度；進而克服組織成員篩選和經營風險承擔的挑戰，其內容包括：蔬菜品質管控、物流時效、氣候風險。整體而言，光原社會企業的創新作為，雖然源自經濟問題的考量，但卻兼顧環境保護、社會價值維繫，是相當全面的社會創新思維與實踐。[[abstract]] Since the year of 2000, social enterprise had been gradually become the joint issues within the realms of Taiwan nonprofit organizational research and the practical fields, and this even surpassed the issue discussion for nonprofit organizational industrialization. The development and discussion for Taiwan social enterprises were primarily impacted by emerging European and US social enterprises. Social enterprises, both domestic and abroad, take the innovative approaches to seek the resolution methodologies for both the organizational and social problems along with historical evolvements and they serve as the locomotive for the social value creations. Social enterprises, integrated with commercial techniques and innate nonprofit organizational mission, are trying to secure the balance between the enterprise and the nonprofit organization statuses with the intent to realize the social service mission in a more flexible approach. This research adopted the “Aurora Social Enterprise Co. Ltd” as study case and employed the multidimensional model to construct social enterprise and proceeded to analysis on three dimensions include social mission, the environmental aspect and sustainability. It explored the practical experiences from study cases so as to understand the operational challenges and propose countermeasures for social enterprises. Furthermore, it illustrated how to realize the mission of social service. Also it was helpful to construct the fundamental concept of social enterprise as well as achieved the understanding for targeted research case by applying the method of literature review in the initial stage of the research. Then, it was followed with in-depth interviews to explore the execution difficulties and countermeasures for each individual case. Moreover, since the social enterprise also employed commercial technique to achieve the social purpose therefore this research also analyzed the social marketing strategies and technologies employed in each study case so as to understand how to better assist the organization to reach its preset goal. Findings of this research revealed that Aurora Social Enterprise Co. Ltd had been registered as company category and in view of related organization-- Manna Organic Life Association, which had operated to achieve the similar objectives in a corporation aggregate capacity but still under the constraint factors imposed by nonprofit organization management standards and financial constraints with the original expectation that it could pioneer and achieve the new path from social mission perspective through commercial behavior. Although the core members from these two organizations overlapped, the roles and functions were clearly distinguished them into two types like sales and counseling. In a practical aspect, it brought in compassionate organic certification which had been the “group authentication, singular verification” initially promoted throughout Taiwan in organic agricultural productions and distributions engaged by Aurora Social Enterprise. The overall operation promotion for Aurora Social Enterprise is really dependent upon the new leadership style, the spirit and aggressive attitude of this organization with further overcoming the challenges brought by organizational membership screening and the burden stemmed from operational risks. And the contents of the above mentioned included: vegetable quality control, logistics timing effectiveness and climate risks. In the overall, the innovative endeavors committed by Aurora Social Enterprise, although it originated from the evaluation of economical concerns, but it also took care of environmental protection, social value preservation therefore this could be attributed as a rather comprehensive social innovation on both scales of the thought and realization