[[alternative]]A Study of Job Participation Motivation of the Mentally Disabled and Execution of the Supported Employment Program

[[abstract]] 本研究以參與身心障礙職業重建服務的障礙者，並經職業重建個案管理員評估適合支持性就業的心智障礙者為研究對象，旨在探討心智障礙者工作參與動機與非營利組織承攬身心障礙者支持性就業能發揮的功能與成效。 主要研究目的有三：一、探討心智障礙者工作參與動機；二、探討心智障礙者參與支持性就業服務方案之成效；三、探討心智障礙者支持性就業服務方案之執行歷程。 為達上述目的，首先採文獻分析及半結構式訪談來進行研究，在文獻分析上藉由工作動機及人與工作適配等相關理論文獻資料，期刊論文、譯著、書籍、碩博士論文、政府出版品、與身心障礙者相關團體各個相關網站等，用以作為理論與實務分析評述之依據。 其次針對本研究的問題與目的設計訪談大綱，並採自然且半開放式的訪談方式，訪談心智障礙者。本研究獲得許多心智障礙者真實回應的資料，正式訪談結束之後，訪談資料整理後，資料呈現規律性並歸納出共同現象。於是進行分析並作出結論。 最後經分析結果獲致下列結論。一、心智障礙者由於工作獲取困難，對於工作參與動機及目的，限縮在尋求基本的溫飽上面，突顯心智障礙者在追求生命價值的無力感。二、心智障礙者的學歷與就業率是並不具關連性的，對外來訊息的擷取能力薄弱固著，因此當媒合進入職場後對環境的適應困難，心智障礙者也在各個就業服務系統間開案、結案。經常性的被拒絕間接形成案主對自己能力產生懷疑，對工作職種也就自我設限。三、支持性就服員屬標案委任案契約人力，同時是資源連結者、工廠作業員、超級業務員等，必須具有社會工作專業知能與專業行銷能力才能勝任此工作。 根據上述結論提出以下建議:一、培養心智障礙者基礎工作技能與情境適，增強工作動機。二、加強職業重建服務宣導並整合身心障礙就業服務功能。三、協助規劃全方位職場深耕，建立就業服務員專業服務品質。[[abstract]] This study takes the disabilities that attended vocational rehabilitation services, and that were assessed as suitable to be supported to obtain employment by the case manager of vocational rehabilitation as the object. The purpose is to investigate the mental disabilities’ working motivation, and the function and the result of the non-profit organization which contracted the vocational rehabilitation services. There are three research purposes:1. To investigate the mental disabilities’ working motivation.2. To investigate the result of mental disabilities’ participate in supported employment services program.3. To investigate the execution history of the mental disabilities’ supported employment services program. To achieve the above-mentioned purposes, I used the literature analysis and semi-structured interviews to do the research. First I analyzed the literature of working motivation and adaptation between human and job, periodicals, papers, translated works, books, government publications, and mental disabilities’ organization websites, as the basis of theory and practical analysis. Second, I designed the interview outline for the question and purpose of this research, and then interviewed the mental disabilities with a natural and semi-open way. This study acquired a lot of true reactions from the mental disabilities. After I finished and collated the information from the interviews, the data appears regularity, and it can be summed up into a common phenomenon. Therefore, I analyzed it and achieved the conclusions. After analyzing, the conclusions are:1. Because it’s so hard to get a job, the mental disabilities’ working motivation and purpose were limited to survive, which highlighted the powerlessness of mental disabilities for pursuing the value of life.2. The mental disabilities’ educational background is unrelated to the employment rate; their receiving capability to outside information is so weak and inflexible, so that they faced some adjustment difficulties after employment matching and starting their jobs. The mental disabilities were forced to start and finish cases frequently in various vocational rehabilitation services, the recurrent rejected caused to their suspect to themselves’ abilities, and even felt self-handicapping to the types of occupations.3. The supported employment manager is a human resource by contract of the appointment case, as well as a resource linker, a factory operator, and a super salesman, who must have the expertise in social work and the professional marketing capabilities to compete this job. According to above-mentioned conclusions, I propose the following recommendations:1. Training the mental disabilities’ basic working skills and working situation to increase the working motivation.2. Strengthening the advocacy of vocational rehabilitation services, and integrating the functions of the disabilities’ employment services.3. Assisting to plan the comprehensive workplaces’ cultivating, and establishing the professional service quality of the supported employment manager