Characterization of Marine Bacteriophages Newly Isolated

The author isolated newly sixteen marine bacteriophage systems from sea water and marine mud, and determined the morphological character and stability of them. The host bacteria of marine phage systems isolated belong to Pseudomonas (5 strains), Vibrio (5), Flavobacterium (2), Achromobacter (2) and Aeromonas (2). The structure of particles of marine phages isolated varies widely. Remarkable variety was observed especially in the tail structure. They are divided into four morphological groups ; phages with analogs of a tail (3 strains), phages with a short tail (4), phages with a long and non-contractile tail (5) and phages with a tail of complex structure with a contractile sheath (4). Phages with analogs of a tail or a short tail were sensitive to heating at 50°C for 30 minutes as well as treatment with chloroform. These results confirm the views in author's previous papers. Of the sixteen phages, two of them, 07T-12P and 25N-66P are temperate phages and the others are virulent phages.九州南方海域から採取した海水や海底堆積泥から16組の海洋ファージ系を分離した。それらの宿主菌は典型的な海洋細菌であり,Vibrio(5株),Pseudomonas(5),Flavobacterium(2),Achrombacter(2)とAeromonas(2)に属する菌種であった。分離海洋ファージの粒子構造は個々に異なり,これら供試ファージの構造から海洋ファージの形態的特性を表わす共通点は見出し得ず,むしろその形態の多様性を認めた。また不安定な海洋ファージは形態的には短い尾部をもつファージに多いことなど前報で得られた知見が再確認された。分離海洋ファージ16株のうち14株はヴィルレント・ファージであったが,2株はテンペレート・ファージであった。このテンペレート・ファージを使って,海洋細菌の形質導入実験が期待される