Sequential Intensified Conditioning Regimen Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Adult Patients with Intermediate or High-Risk Acute Myeloid Leukemia in Complete Remission: a Study From the ALWP of the EBMT

International audiencePost-transplant relapse is the leading cause of treatment failure in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients after reduced intensity conditioning allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). In order to improve their outcome, we evaluated the outcome of a sequential intermediate intensity conditioning regimen combining fludarabine, cytosine arabinoside, amsacrine, cyclophosphamide and either total body irradiation or busulfan (FLAMSA) in patients with intermediate or high risk AML in first or second complete remission (CR). A total of 265 patients (median age 55 years; range, 19-76 years) with AML who underwent allo-HSCT using a FLAMSA regimen were included. At the time of transplant, 216 (81.5%) were in CR1 and 49 (18.5%) in CR2