The redox flow battery technology for electricity storage

Renewable energy application and fossil energy saving have become important strategies of the world to maintain the requirement of sustainable development of the society. Large-scale and high-efficiency energy storage technology is urgently needed to remove the random and intermittent natures of the renewable energy and increase the compatibility of the renewable energy to the grid. Redox flow battery (RFB) is an electrical energy storage system that realizes the conversion between chemical energy and electrical energy. For vanadium redox flow battery (VRB), the energy can be stored chemically in different ionic forms of vanadium in a dilute sulphuric acid electrolyte