Response of Natural Vegetation to theEco-hydrology Process in Middle Reaches of Tarim River

在广泛关注的全球变化研究中，全球水文循环中的生态作用成为核心问题之一，使得生态水文过程的研究成为水文科学最为活跃的领域。 本研究定位于塔里木河中游天然植被对生态水文过程的响应上，通过实地调查和室内分析，结合RS、GIS、模型模拟等手段，建立了天然植被与地表径流的相关关系，并进一步对地下水、土壤水与天然植被之间的关系做了阐述。力图为干旱区天然生态系统地可持续维持，退化生态系统恢复重建提供重要的生态水文学依据。 通过研究初步得到以下结论： （1）从1983年-2005年，英巴扎地区22年间面积增加的有荒漠河岸林、盐柴类荒漠和耕地，面积减少的有平原低地灌丛和平原低地草甸。（2）2001-2003年，英巴扎沿河道不同距离天然植被NDVI植被指数有从大到小的趋势；在同一时期的同一断面上，NDVI指数是沿距离河道的长度逐渐减小的；在2001年至2003年期间，各个断面同一时期的NDVI指数都有逐渐减小的趋势。 （3）植被的NDVI指数对地表径流的相关性存在显著差异，在英巴扎站点上，NDVI值滞后径流量30天时，两者相关系数最大；在乌斯满站点上，滞后60天时，两者相关系数最大；在恰拉生态断面上，滞后30天时，两者相关系数最大。（4）地下水与天然植被存在密切相关关系，植被随着地下水埋深、矿化度和土壤水盐的改变，发生相应的变化。In the widespread global change research, ecology affects is one of core questions in the whole world circulation of water.Ecology hydrology process of research is the most active domain of hydrology science. This research focus on response of natural vegetation to the eco-hydrology process in the Tarim River middle reaches. Through on-the-spot investigation and analyzes, basing on tools of RS, GIS and model, it has established correlational dependence between the natural vegetation and the surface runoff，therefore, has further made the elaboration between the ground water, the soilwater and the natural vegetation. It tries to provide the important ecology hydrology basis for the arid area natural ecosystem sustainable maintenance and the ecosystem reconstruction. Obtains following conclusion initially throu-gh the research: (1) Date from 1983 to 2005, during 22 years, desert riparian forest,class diesel-salt shrub and land of area has increased .Shrub and meadow of area has reduces in the yingbazha area. (2) Date from 2001 to 2003 , along different distance of the river course, NDVI index has increased the yingbazha.On the identical section, at the same time, NDVI index has reduces gradually along the river course. During 2001 to 2003, at the same time, each section of NDVI index has reduces gradually. (3) It exists remarkable relevant between NDVI index and the surface runoff in the Yingbazha. Correlation coefficient is biggest by lagging thity days.both correla- tion is. In the Wusiman, lagging sixty days, correlation coefficient is biggest. In the Qiala, lagging thity days, both correlation coefficient is biggest. (4) It is existing close correlation between the ground water and the natural vegetation. The natural vegetation has been the corresponding changes, through change of the ground water table, the mineralation and the soil salinities