PARASITOSIS INTESTINALES EN DIFERENTES COMUNIDADES IND\ucdGENAS DEL ESTADO ZULIA, VENEZUELA.

Las enfermedades parasitarias representan un problema de salud p\ufablica a nivel mundial, afectando a todas las clases sociales, en especial aquellos estratos socioecon\uf3micos m\ue1s bajos. Para determinar la prevalencia de las parasitosis intestinales en diferentes comunidades ind\uedgenas del estado Zulia, Venezuela, se analizaron 232 muestras fecales, correspondientes a individuos de ambos sexos y cualquier edad. Las muestras fueron analizadas a trav\ue9s de m\ue9todos coproparasitol\uf3gicos directos, (SSF 0,85% y lugol) y concentrado con formol-\ue9ter (Ritchie). Con parte del sedimento, se elabor\uf3 una l\ue1mina para coloraci\uf3n de Kinyoun, \ufatil para la identificaci\uf3n de los coccidios intestinales. Se encontr\uf3 una elevada prevalencia de enteroparasitos (88%) y un predominio del poliparasitismo (79,5%). En cuanto al grupo etario, los m\ue1s afectados resultaron el escolar (7-12 a\uf1os: 42,36%) y el pre-escolar (2-6 a\uf1os: 23,41%), La especie de microorganismo m\ue1s frecuente fue Blastocystis sp. (43,53%), entre los protozoarios destacan Entamoeba coli (41,81%), Endolimax nana (33,62%) y el complejo Entamoeba (28,44%). Los helmintos, Ascaris lumbricoides (31,89%), Trichuris trichiura (26,72%) y Ancylostomideos (12,5%), ocuparon los primeros lugares. Se detect\uf3 un caso de Cryptosporidium sp. y uno de Cyclospora cayetanensis. La presencia incrementada de parasitosis se relaciona con el escaso saneamiento ambiental que poseen estas comunidades ind\uedgenas, por lo que los resultados avalan la importancia de intervenir sanitariamente a dichas comunidades. Palabras clave: Protozoarios intestinales, Poliparasitismo, Ind\uedgenas, Blastocystis sp., Venezuela. INTESTINAL PARASITOSIS IN DIFFERENT INDIGENOUS COMMUNITIES ZULIA STATE, VENEZUELA. ABSTRACT Parasitic diseases represent a public health problem worldwide, affecting all social classes, especially those lower socioeconomic strata. To determine the prevalence of intestinal parasites in different indigenous communities in the Zulia state, Venezuela, 232 fecal samples corresponding to individuals of both sexes, aged from 7 months to 70 years were analyzed. Samples were analyzed by direct coproparasitological methods (SSF 0.85% and lugol) and concentrated (Ritchie). Also, Kinyoun staining, useful for the identification of intestinal coccidia was prepared. Enteroparasites high prevalence (88%) and a predominance of parasitism (79.5%) was found. As for the age group it turned out to be the most affected school (7-12 years: 42.36%, and 2-6 years:23,42%). The species most common organism was Blastocystis spp. (43.53%), among the protozoa Entamoeba coli include (41.81%), Endolimax nana (33.62%) and complex Entamoeba (28.44%). Helminths, Ascaris lumbricoides (31.89%), Trichuris trichiura (26.72%) and Ancylostomideos showed (12.5%) took the top places. A case of Cryptosporidium sp. was observed. and Cyclospora cayetanensis. The increased presence of parasites is related to the poor sanitation possessing these indigenous communities, so the results support the importance of determining the prevalence of parasitic species in order to contribute to the statistics of intestinal parasitosis in indigenous communities. Key word: Intestinal Protozoa, poliparasitism, Indigenous, Blastocystis sp., Venezuela.