The Hydrological Modeling and Analysis Platform (HyMAP): Evaluation in the Amazon Basin

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The multimission database of GDRs is maintained by the Centre de Topographie des Oceans et de l'Hydrosphere (CTOH) at LEGOS. Grateful acknowledgments are also due to G. Cochonneau (IRD), M.C. Gennero (LEGOS). and R. Alkama (Meteo-France) for their help in data acquisition and processing and P. Bates (Univ. Bristol) and an anonymous reviewer for their valuable comments. 9 AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC BOSTON J HYDROMETEOROLRecent advances in global flow routing schemes have shown the importance of using high-resolution topography for representing floodplain inundation dynamics more reliably. This study presents and evaluates the Hydrological Modeling and Analysis Platform (HyMAP), which is a global flow routing scheme specifically designed to bridge the gap between current state-of-the-art global flow routing schemes by combining their main features and introducing new features to better capture floodplain dynamics. The ultimate goals of HyMAP are to provide the scientific community with a novel scheme suited to the assimilation of satellite altimetry data for global water discharge forecasts and a model that can be potentially coupled with atmospheric models. In this first model evaluation, HyMAP is coupled with the Interactions between Soil-Biosphere-Atmosphere (ISBA) land surface model in order to simulate the surface water dynamics in the Amazon basin. The model is evaluated over the 1986-2006 period against an unprecedented source of information, including in situ and satellite-based datasets of water discharge and level, flow velocity, and floodplain extent. Results show that the model can satisfactorily simulate the large-scale features of the water surface dynamics of the Amazon River basin. Among all stream gauges considered, 23% have Nash-Sutcliffe coefficients (NS) higher than 0.50 and 68% above zero. About 28% of the stations have volume errors lower than 15%. Simulated discharges at Obidos had NS = 0.89. Time series of simulated floodplains at the basin scale agrees well with satellite-based estimates, with a relative error of 7% and correlation of 0.89. These results indicate nonnegligible improvements in comparison to previous studies for the same region