This study focuses on biological numeric image processes. It aims to define and implement new automated measurements at large scale analysis. Moreover, this thesis addresses : the incidence of the proposed methodology on the results reliability measurements accuracy definition and analysis proposed approaches reproducibility limits when applied to plant biology.This work is part of cells organization study, and aims to automatically identify and analyze the cell lines in microscopic mosaic wood slice pictures. Indeed, the study of biological tendencies among the cells lines is necessary to understand the cell migration and organization. Such a study can only be realized from a huge zone of observation of wood plane. To this end, this work p...